What is the principles and procedure involved in Association mapping? How best we can use this tool for complex traits like yield and abiotic stress in cereals ?
Association mapping is based on Linkage disequilibrium,
a high-resolution,
broader allele coverage and
cost effective gene tagging approach in plant germplasm resources.
identifying the molecular marker linked to phenotypic character in the natural germplasm collections.
This provides an opportunity to widely dissect and exploit existing natural variations for crop improvement. The extent of genome-wide LD or allelic association is the key starting point for association mapping. The extent of LD has been quantified and an association mapping has been successfully applied for many plant species . The LD mapping can be done in natural population in which non-random association between two markers or two genes/QTLs or between a gene/ QTL and a marker locus exists.
The degree of LD depends on the recombination events that have taken place in historically .
Association mapping identifies QTLs by examining the marker-trait associations, and enables researchers to use modern genetic technologies to exploit natural diversity and locate valuable genes in the genome.
Genetic association mapping has greater power than linkage studies to identify variants with weak effects that might contribute risk for common complex traits. Whole-genome association studies have the advantage of enabling the entire genome to be assessed for trait-associated variants, rather than analyzing specific candidate genes and hence application of association mapping to plant breeding seems to be a promising means of overcoming the limitations of conventional linkage mapping.
Thank you dear friend. Ya.., I am going to work on association mapping for abiotic (heat stress) stress tolerance.....
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