In terms of spectrophotometer, we need to make the light monochromatic before passing it to sample. For that, we use diffraction grating. From the research, I found out that the grating reflects light into different wavelengths. Also, the grating moves in such a way that each wavelength has an opportunity to pass through slit to sample. According to one journal, the monochromatic light is needed to make sure every photon has same energy and wavelength, which means everyone of them, has an equal opportunity to hit the particle. Is there better explanation in this theory? Also, Am I right in thinking that all wavelengths scattered from grating will hit the particles but particles will only absorb certain wavelength?
This link leads to a file which contains a pretty good (in my opinion) description of a diffraction grating's principle: http://faculty.uml.edu/David_Ryan/84.514/MolSpecLecture7-2005.pdf
For your second question... Yes you are right!!! The particles will absorb at specific wavelengths and this is what the absorption spectrum reveals.
I hope that this will be helpful...!!!
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