Dear Youssef Essam ;

The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) can be fabricated using silica-coated quantum dot-embedded silica nanoparticles (SiO2/QD/SiO2 NPs) as a light-harvesting layer. for more details can read the following reference;

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/nj/c3nj01345f

The nanoparticle DSSCs rely on trap-limited diffusion through the semiconductor nanoparticles for electron transport.In DSSC, electrodes consisted of sintered semiconducting nanoparticles, mainly the TiO2 or ZnO.On the other hand, the silica doped SiO2 used in quantum dot DSSC

Dear all, different approaches are followed for better enhancement and protection. Please have a look at the following documents. My Regards

https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2080456

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.03.056

Thank you everyone you all have been very helpful

Dear Youssef Essam

I think these papers will be useful for you

Dear all, please read this below file....

https://www.academia.edu/64328397/A_literature_survey_of_nanomaterials_for_dye_sensitized_solar_cells