Sand filters can be used for removing bulk impurities but can a system be developed for combined treatment of both bulk impurities and heavy metals such as those found in tannery or dyes industries?
I have looked at bottom ash and sand mixtures for filtration but such systems don't seem to be commercially utilized.
Dear Anubhuti,
A sandbed filter is the cheapest and most reliable solution for bulk impurities. To remove dyes one needs to know if they are ionic? If so, I would add an oppositely charge polyelectrolyte to the effluent of the sandbed filter to bind them and separate that off by froth flotation. The removal of dyes is a common problem and there is much literature about that. You need to know what is in the effluent of the sandbed filter and next look for the best way to remove that. Literature lists profuse examples of using various waste streams that actively bind dyes.
Crucial is that you first use the sandbed filter and as a second separate step do the dye removal, otherwise your dye-catcher won't work. You may want to look one of my recent papers, it has some good references to dye behaviour and removal.
Vleugels, L. F., Domańska, I., Voets, I. K., & Tuinier, R. (2017). On the driving forces for complexation of methyl orange with polycations. Journal of colloid and interface science, 491, 141-150.
Kind regards, Leo
Many researchers are working for heavy metal adsorption by using biomass adsorbent. You can view many papers related on that. However, the composition and concentration of heavy metals need to be considered.
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