Overeating can be controlled by the food restriction procedures that may prevent the consumption of various xenobiotics that may disrupt astrocyte-neuron interactions in the hypothalamus that are responsible for appetite control.
Hello,
At the end, people will be under cogntive restriction which mean they will get some compulsion, i mean they will suddenly be hungry or they will have bigger appetite than usual during a meal.
So, we could tell that food restriction increase appetite in long term for 80-90% of people.
For further information, i invite you to check the works of Tatjana Van Strien and the works of Blundell.
Kind regards,
Hi there,
I would say eating right is more important, and if it can be combined with a little bit of food restriction, the result might be more significant.
For example, it's well established in the nutrition studies that protein is more satiating than fat and carbohydrates. This means that if you have slight high protein diet, it will make you full easily and you naturally stop eating more. And also this could be combined with a diet full of fibres, which also help with the feeling of fullness for longer time.
There are also studies showing that what you eat for your breakfast might decide what you are going to have for lunch and dinner. Again, same principle applied. For example, if you have a high fibre breakfast/protein, you will feel full for longer which naturally reduces you lunch portion of food.
I hope this is helpful, and if you need papers related to these studies, please do let me know.
Best,
Mihray
Hi Mihray. That's good. In particular, I like the idea of high fibre diet. This will keep you full for long in addition to other health benefits. However, high protein may risk overloading the kidneys. What do you think? Thanks. William
Hi Ian,
Another point to consider in this discussion is the energy density of foods.
Given that low-energy density foods* have fewer kilojoules per gram weight, such foods allow consumption of a greater weight of food relative to energy consumed, which may assist with appetite control and reducing energy intake.
[*Energy density (ED) is the ratio of energy of a food to the weight of a food (kJ/g). ED is largely determined by water content (higher water content lowers energy density), as well as fiber and fat content (more fiber lowers energy density and less fat lowers energy density) of foods/beverages consumed].
Related references:
Rolls BJ. Plenary Lecture 1: Dietary strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Proc Nutr Soc. 2010;69(1):70- 79. 23.
Rolls BJ. The relationship between dietary energy density and energy intake. Physiol Beha. 2009;97(5):609-615.
Raynor, H.A., Champagne, C.M. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Interventions for the Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 116 (1), pp. 129-147.
Other papers that may be of interest to you:
Martin, C.K. et al. (2011) Change in food cravings, food preferences, and appetite during a low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet. Obesity,19 (10), pp. 1963-1970.
Cheers, Anita
Can appetite be controlled by food restriction?
What is appetite?
1. Conditioned Hunger, like after seeing a good meal. This hunger may be very strong, stronger than hunger after meals deprivation. People trained by myself reported that the distinction was possible, at least from young subjects. In a logical behavior, this conclusion means ignoring and doing another job.
2. Trying to limit the intake to what is sufficient to avoid hunger until planned mealtime. This is possible at the meal end if the subject accepts a reasoned intake
I don't think that this issue is that simple. In fact most research in weight loss in humans supports the idea that energy deprivation results in a state were there is a loss of appetite control, specifically disturbed responses of appetite related hormones to food intake, alterations in adipose tissue physiology and overall increase in food craving.
An interesting review has been published recently...!
Anastasiou, C.A., Karfopoulou, E., Yannakoulia, M. Weight regaining: from statistics and behaviors to physiology and metabolism. Metabolism 64: 1395-407, 2015
Can appetite be controlled by food restriction?
What is appetite?
1. Conditioned Hunger, like after seeing a good meal. This hunger may be very strong, stronger than hunger after meals deprivation. People trained by myself reported that the distinction was possible, at least from young subjects. In a logical behavior, this conclusion means ignoring and doing another job.
2. Trying to limit the intake to what is sufficient to avoid hunger until planned mealtime. This is possible at the meal end if the subject accepts a reasoned intake
3. I suggested the intake of a high volume of Not Starchy Vegetables (NSV, 300 grams per meal after eight years) in the intenion to limit intake to this amount. Children did not accept this intake [1]. Two diabetic men had a full intake of NSV for four months (plus 100 – 150 grams of animal food) and decreased their weight by 13% - 20% [2]. The solution of the problem is not easy. Diabetics have a minor difficulty for their lack of insulin. The problem is very difficult in Overweight (OW) subjects who want to decrease their weight. These OW people have a high production of insulin [3]. With the help of high NSV intake, they can decrease their energy dense food intake. A warm environment might be of help [].
4. I used the environmental temperature for decreasing hunger intensity only sometimes and not in systematic study. Yet, the sojourn in a warm ambient is presumably helpful and the change from cool to warm is highly effective on decreasing hunger [4-6].
5. I have the intention to write an editorial on this subject. This is only a beginning.
1. Ciampolini M, Vicarelli D, Seminara S. Normal energy intake range in children with chronic non-specific diarrhea. Association of relapses with the higher level. J Pediatr Gastroenter Nutr 1990; 11: 342-50.
2. Mario Ciampolini, Gaia Cecchi (2016). Recovery of Hunger Sensations Associated with Low Preprandial Blood Glucose: An Easy Exit from Diabetes? Open Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2016, 6, 149-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2016.65014
3. Ciampolini M, Lovell Smith D. Self-Regulation of Food Intake and Energy Balance. A Handbook. Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, 2014. https://www.lap-publishing.com/.../978-3-8473-7027-7, 9783847370277, 3847370278.
4. Ciampolini M. Influence of environmental temperature on intestinal absorption xylose in rats in vivo. IRCS 1974; 2: 1545.
5. Ciampolini M. Influence of environmental temperature on xilose absorption in man. IRCS Med Sci 1976; 4: 208.
6. Ciampolini M, Bianchi R: Training to estimate blood glucose and to form associations with initial hunger. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2006; 3:42.
Hi, am not sure in what reference and why you asked the question can appetite be controlled by food restriction? Restriction alone may not be a good strategy, but empowering the client with information about why a restriction of certain food is advised, and what is needed for your body to remain healthy maybe more effective than restriction. we only think about scientific evidence to prove something but we hardly make use of the tool that we have in hand. We might just need to help the client to have a right understanding about the nourishment of our bodies and not our desire!
Can appetite be controlled by food restriction?
Passang sherpa Lhamo ·Ok!
What is appetite?
1. Conditioned Hunger, like after seeing a good meal. This hunger may be very strong, stronger than hunger after meals deprivation. People trained by myself reported that the distinction was possible, at least from young subjects. In a logical behavior, this conclusion means ignoring and doing another job.
2. Trying to limit the intake to what is sufficient to avoid hunger until planned mealtime. This is possible at the meal end if the subject accepts a reasoned intake
3. I suggested the intake of a high volume of Not Starchy Vegetables (NSV, 300 grams per meal after eight years) in the intention to limit intake to this amount. Children did not accept this intake [1]. Two diabetic men had a full intake of NSV for four months (plus 100 – 150 grams of animal food) and decreased their weight by 13% - 20% [2]. The solution of the problem is not easy. Diabetics have a minor difficulty for their lack of insulin. The problem is very difficult in Overweight (OW) subjects who want to decrease their weight. These OW people have a high production of insulin [3]. I remember an woman with BMI of 40 who complained about psychic hunger. At the sensation, she measured blood glucose (BG). Her BG was 62 mg/dl. With the help of high NSV intake, they can decrease their energy dense food intake. Some energy dense food may be necessary. The order should be changed from what I suggested for children: A long oral maintenance, followed by slow NSV intake. A warm environment might be of help [4-6].
4. I used the environmental temperature for decreasing hunger intensity only sometimes and not in systematic study. Yet, the sojourn in a warm ambient is presumably helpful and the change from cool to warm is highly effective on decreasing hunger [4-6]. An increase in clothing has obviously a similar effect.
5. In the years 2007-2009 I offered the possibility of performing a seven day diary with preprandial Blood Glucose measurements to 30 students for knowledge on nutrition and prevention []. Their age was 17.6±0.8 years. 17 were male and 13 female. Their body weight was lower than 25. They had no complaints.
6. Results: Twenty-five reported lower mean BG than 81.58 mg/dL and their Mean BG was 76,3 4.6. Five reported 84.9±7.1. (P< 0.0001, Chi square).
7. I have the intention to write an editorial on this subject. This is only a beginning.
1. Ciampolini M, Vicarelli D, Seminara S. Normal energy intake range in children with chronic non-specific diarrhea. Association of relapses with the higher level. J Pediatr Gastroenter Nutr 1990; 11: 342-50.
2. Mario Ciampolini, Gaia Cecchi (2016). Recovery of Hunger Sensations Associated with Low Preprandial Blood Glucose: An Easy Exit from Diabetes? Open Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2016, 6, 149-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2016.65014
3. Ciampolini M, Lovell Smith D. Self-Regulation of Food Intake and Energy Balance. A Handbook. Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, 2014. https://www.lap-publishing.com/.../978-3-8473-7027-7, 9783847370277, 3847370278.
4. Ciampolini M. Influence of environmental temperature on intestinal absorption xylose in rats in vivo. IRCS 1974; 2: 1545.
5. Ciampolini M. Influence of environmental temperature on xilose absorption in man. IRCS Med Sci 1976; 4: 208.
6. Ciampolini M, Bianchi R: Training to estimate blood glucose and to form associations with initial hunger. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2006; 3:42.
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