Dear Rathish, 

Problems related to prostate enlargement may also reflect in depression: 

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most of the literature which used depression scales among adults already compared between participants based on employment status.

Thank you for the response Prof . Beatrice., Much appreciate the effort. thanks

Thank you Prof. Ahmad, I understand the available literature which used depression scales might have had the employment status as a variable. But I am concerned specifically about the comparison of the Post-retirement age group & the self employed group.

For example:

Group - I - Retired from employement in the recent  past

Group - II - was always Self Employed (was never in full time public job) 

Both Groups in the age group of 60 to 70 years.

Regards

Retirement is a major life change and this causes both stress and depression. Retirement is related to a decrease in income, which can be avoided if you are self-employed.  It does not say in a paper that the persons are exactly 60 or 70 years old. In Sweden elderly is 65 years old. 

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There is a great deal of research involving many aspects of aging the aging process occurring at the School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. I would suggest you address correspondence to the Dean of Medicine, Arthur S. Levine M.D. at University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine M240 Scaife Hall 3550 Terrance Street Pittsburgh, Pa. 15261.

To help others, here is my story. Governor Tom Corbett closed the facility where I had worked for 40 years, my wife whom also worked there was also forced to retire. A good friend of mine gave me this advice which I followed and was able to make the transition into retirement and ultimately back to graduate school. On each Sunday for six (6) my wife and I scheduled what we do for the next week. This was not rigid, as things change, or other opportunities came available. We all know that having a job provides structure as one's life revolves about job demands and hours of work. The list we developed each Sunday provided that structure until we could make the transition to retirement. I hope this helps others......Tom

there is likely a circularity (cause-effect-cause) underlying my response, but assuming that "retired men" are let us say over 50 years old, and perchance even older, then first look at the tables at the back of any cognitive function test manual  (IQ, Executive Function, whatever) and notice that ON AVERAGE they are slipping rapidly down the slope of incompetence at this age.  And if you just make a thought experiment and assume this  cognitive deterioration is not true for "all men that age", then you might assume that cognitive deterioration will be disproportionately "not so bad" among those still working (as I said cause-effect-cycle).   So before you even bothered to start assessing mood disorder, if your version of "depression" is going to include perceptions that there is nothing interesting in the future, and a lack of motivation to change this, etc, then you would surely be wise to first see if your nominally depressed men had any brains left - or you will simply be measuring in an oblique fashion the likely position that among the "still working" lot there are quite a few with minimal "brain rot", and vice versa - and again doing a thought experiment, likely these chaps who still have intact cognitive function don't feel too bad about life.   

Hi Michael,thanks for the response, i do share some of your view points, like the underlying organic predisposition.

I have plans to use Beck Depression Inventory, UCLA Loneliness Scale and Sociability Scale by Eysenck for the study.

You might also like to read the file I have attached.  All the best for your research, I would be interested to see your findings

I just found the other paper I meant to mention (Forbes et al, 2015) and have attached it here

Having investigated similar issues, I do not remember any book on the described behavior. However, the fundamental problem, I believe, should be: depression and its symptoms in retired people, who continue active or remain in mere passiveness.

Except in cases of degenerative diseases, Man does not lose their abilities at the age of retire-ment. Perhaps the organization of Production Society has marked the stages of life by myths, taboos and prejudices. Apart from a few years (about five) before natural death, Man begins to lose certain skills and abilities. There are longitudinal and horizontal evidences of such facts. Until then Man keep their potential of doing and knowing.

By failing to use or invest their potential and concretize their competencies, Man goes into de-pression due to the loss of beloved objects and achieved skills. It is necessary for the society to be organized with functions of efficiency and profitability, well-being and harmony in all stages of human existence.

Dear Evaristo, really appreciate your valuable thoughts on the subject. I agree with you that depression and its symptoms are not very common in people who remain active but rather prominent among the retirees who prefer not to work post retirement. My aim is to create a management strategy for prospective retirees before their actual retirement to help them cope with it!

Regards

Rathish

Accepting the consistency of Your Scientific Project and thinking of comprehend the intentions, objectives and purposes of Your Research, I understand it as a project of huge human ambition, both at hominization level as of the humanization of people.

The expansion and human concretion of such a project, being hypercomplex at theoretical and scientific level is, even more, in terms of its practical and concrete implementation.

                1- Early on the working Man should, psychological, affective, emotional, and concretively be prepared for retirement or third age.

                2- The implementation of such a project would become a time bomb or a radical revolution in liberal societies, of pure liberalism or of capitalist neo-liberalism.

                3- At liberal societies / capitalists, organized according to the maximization of economic profit and products sales, it does not matter because wherewithal leave no freedom for man, but only constraints, rigid roles and forced tasks in achieving the objectives, economic and financial profits.

                4. The reach and concretion of the objectives it proposes should be prepared in the interiors of companies, institutions and work organizations. The techniques of such preparations of individuals should make the human live in Himself, reorganize and experience his psycho- corporal Ego, develop their potential emotional investments and rapture in the experiences of their affections. Techniques of Neurolinguistic programming (NLP), BrainGym, Transcendental Meditation, Yoga, etc., etc., will be techniques of efficient mediations.

However, behind all this, and, leading such a behavior of work societies, it is necessary the existence of a Human Philosophy applied to the world of economics, finance and work and a Humanistic Psychology, focused on dimensions and achievements of harmonies and overall accomplishments of man. In Western cultures societies and of robotization tasks and work functions such does not exist in practice. It´s urgent a different hominization process of the entire individual and a different philosophy of education at work and for work.