To my knowledge there´re just the chlorinated solvents like chloroform, dichlormethane, etc., that have a higher density than water. But why don´t you want to use another solvent and separate the "upper layer"? If the layers don´t separate properly, you could add some brine to increase the density of the aqueous layer to improve the separation.
Bromine analogs of chloroalkanes, I suppose they are much heavier than water (density of bromoform is about 3 but it degrades in direct light). Dibromoethane is stable in standart conditions.
Why you don't just filtrate away the particulate using a Gooch filter?
Also I think you can try adding lithium salts to non-polar light solvent to raise its density
Or you can try to use a mixture of chloroform and another solvent (for example ethyl acetate or petroleum ether) to have still higher specific gravity than water but solubilizing your particulate!
Use dibromomethane, bromoform or tetrabromomethane. Their specific gravity see on Wikipedia, e. g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromoform
Non-chlorinated solvent? Or really NON-HALOGENATED???? Well-known problems with combustion of halogenated and sulfur-containing solvents make choise of extraction media some difficult.
Very useful may be propylene carbonate as green solvent. Despite of polarity, this solvent build separate bottom phase with water below 80C Grad, but over 80C have limitless miscibility. Such triggering is very convinient in some cases.
Electrocoagulation may be suitable as well.
As per specification of propylene carbonate that I have checked, it is very much soluble in water and also polar. In what respect do u think it meets my requirements.?
You hold in secret nature of their substance - so how can I think ? ))))
I just offer free solution to help so you can to solve your problem.
About "very much soluble in water" - please check MSDS from Honeywell http://www.honeywell.com/sites/docs/doc10814c8-fab22f8f2b-e0df9bfada07602278603c6cb43673fb.pdf
I see : SOLUBILITY IN WATER (weight %): 8.3 @ 68 oF (20 oC).
Yet propylene carbonate is not mixable with such low-polar compounds as hexane (aliphatics), with slightly more polar compounds it is very compartable. PVC, polyether resins, PAN, PET - it dissolves them very good.
Try fluorinated solvents: perfluorohexane, perfluorodecaline or methyl perfluorobutyl ether (known under commercial name Novec 7100 or HFE 7100). They are immiscible with water (in some cases they are immiscible both water and common organic solvent) and you can relatively easily recycle them. The main disadvantage of fluorinated solvents is their high price.
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