Dear researchers please suggest a chemical methods for quantitative estimation of heavy metals like lead, cadmium, chromium and mercury except analytical methods like AOS, ICP-MS
Take any textbook on analytical chemistry from the 1970 or 1980's and you will find a number of methods described.
The question is then: are they as sensitive and reliable as modern methods? My answer would be; no!
But it depends on your question, whether they will still do the job for you.
You can find the the procedures in APPA or AWWA manuals.
And mainly AAS is the standard procedure for metal analysis.
The classical method is not enough to quantitavely in many samples, but you can try and improve. The easy and cost effective method is AAS.
There are two options to determination of lead. The classical method and instrumentation method. But second one is better.
The mainly used spectrometric techniques for quantiative determination of lead are atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS and GFAAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emition spectroscopy (ICP-AOS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Which one of the above mentioned tehcniques is best for you? It depends on several factors.
And, I have a few questions for you;
-What is the expected concentration of lead in your sample? ppm, ppb, vs
-What is your sample matrice?
-What is the amount of sample?
My first question would be: What kind of information are you trying to get. What is the question to be answered by an "estimate of heavy metals" ? Are you talking about a sum parameter ? I doubt that the answer would be vary informative !
First of all you need define expected concentration region of analysed heavy elements. Most available is AAS (FAAS; ETAAS) methods. Special element is mercury. Here are lot of methods as cold vapour, different concentrators (Au). but all connected with AAS detection. Very attractive is direct mercury analyzer.
You can use classical methods, but they are not usable for trace analyses. You can apply X-Ray fluorescence methods (EDXRF, WDXRF or TXRF), but also mostly detection limit is critical.
Very nice method is striping voltammetry or potentiometry, included for mercury analysis. For some matrces you need only acidification of analyte solution..
There are also many other methods, but at first you need to define sample type and analyte.
you can use AAS,
But it is importante to prepare very well your samples. which is depending of the type of your samples.
The best method to analyses lead is by AAs or ICP-_AESThe other simple method is to use solvent extraction with dithozone in chloroform or finally by p[photometry with PAR orPAN.as the chromogenic ligand
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