Thanks Colleague for this question, I think there are many ways for heating and cooling homes in addition to some features the green buildings have as I will explain below, but actually I do not have information about materials for this purpose.
Thermal Mass is a measure of the heat storage (thermal) capacity of a material. High thermal mass materials take a long time to heat up and a long time to cool down ( Thermal Lag). When exposed to external (solar) heat, materials with high thermal mass (heavier and denser materials like concrete, stone, solid brick) can store more heat than their light weight low thermal mass (straw bale, timber, brick veneer) counterparts. This means that it is possible for high mass buildings to suppress or ‘dampen’ maximum indoor temperatures.
Obviously !!!!!!!! Ali , I live in Canada (close to north pole ) !!!
Every home has insulation material (thermal insulation ) that is layered in between the wooden frames or bricks , now there are easy using mechanisms . We have heating too , so it is balance .
Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable construction) refers to the structure, use of a process that is environmentally responsible and efficient in the use of resources throughout the building life cycle: from positioning to design, construction, operation, maintenance, restoration, demolition. This requires the close collaboration of design team, architects, engineers, and client at all stages of the project and the practice of green buildings expands and completes the interests of classic building design in economy, services, endurance and comfort. Although new technologies are constantly evolving to complement current practices in creating greener structures, the common goal is to design green buildings to reduce the overall impacts of the environment built on human health and the natural environment through
Use high efficiency, energy, water, and other resources
Protecting the health of passengers and improving employee productivity
Reduce waste, pollution and environmental degradation
Use materials "respectful of the environment", I consider indispensable at present in the construction of houses, rooms, factories, meeting places of conviviality and shows, etc.
This is because they would be able to maintain the adequate ambient temperature for humans who live, live and work indoors, without extra expense or waste of electrical energy.
Everything takes energy. Green building refers to the process of picking and using the materials that are best suited to the area you live the climate you live and the demands you have on the building. One factor that is over looked is the duration of the building. This is more than likely the most important factor. I can build a building that is green using renewable resources and eco-friendly products that will not last even one life time or as some of the ancients have done I can use the materials and methods that stand for millennium. We are still unearthing monolithic structures for thousands of years ago that could still be used today.
If a typical structure build by the standards of the 21st century lasts one hundred years everyone considers that lucky. that being said if one has to build that same structure 10 times we are doing it wrong. Yes some structures last (if they do not burn down) for hundreds of years but most are what I call the 40 year through away style.
If we do not build things for the future generations we are doing it wrong. Insulated concrete forms are a vary durable form in construction. Many others are out there but building to last more than just decades is always the key.
I am a green building consultant as well as a research scientist and have built every thing from off the grid homes to vary small homes that will not only stand up to an F-5 tornado but are also 4 times as energy efficient as the standard home. A town near me we hit with an F-5 Tornado in 2011 and in 2012 I built 6 homes there to help the residents and show them a better way to build.
Green building is sometime given a bad name by people that push a social agenda instead of a sustainable one. I started my work on my masters in this field and found that there were no programs that had this type of degree so I built my own degree program with the help of the University here.
My point is that although many builders today say they know how to build green homes they only know the words to say not the actions it takes to build green.