Dear Ali

Biofertilizers usually need a carrier as medium for the microbial inoculants..A  suitable carrier material needs to be inexpensive, easily available, and high in organic matter content, and should have a high water-holding capacity and a favourable H+ concentration . Furthermore, a good quality carrier should be free from microbial contamination, and can optimise the growth of the bio fertilizer microorganisms. However, it is not easy to get a carrier that meets the desired qualities.Without carrier they cannot be live long. Liquid biofertilizer is the solution to the problems where no solid carrier is needed.Use of biofertilizers is one of the important components of integrated nutrient management, as they are cost effective and renewable source of plant nutrients to supplement the chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Several microorganisms and their association with crop plants are being exploited in the production of biofertilizers. They can be grouped in different ways based on their nature and function. Nutrient Broth liquid biofertilizer kept at low temperatures showed significantly high survival rates after storage for six months as compared to other formulations and treatments. Since no carrier is needed for these liquid biofertilizers they have great potential to be promoted as low-cost and long shelf-life products suitable for soilless and other innovation cultivation system in the Malaysian agricultural industry.

As biofertilizers contain living organisms, their performance therefore depends on environment surrounding. Hence, outcomes are bound to be inconsistent . Short shelf life, lack of suitable carrier materials, susceptibility to high temperature, problems in transportation and storage are biofertilizer bottlenecks that still need to be solved in order to obtain effective inoculation.

If the proper temperature, moisture, carrier material are not achieve then they will die. The phospho-microorganism mainly bacteria and fungi make insoluble phosphorus available to the plants. Several soil bacteria and a few species of fungi possess the ability to bring insoluble phosphate in soil into soluble forms by secreting organic acids. These acids lower the soil pH and bring about the dissolution of bound forms of phosphate.While Rhizobium, Blue Green Algae (BGA) and Azollaare crop specific, bio-inoculants like Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB), Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) could be regarded as broad spectrum biofertilizers . VAM is fungi that are found associated with majority of agriculture crops and enhanced accumulation of plant nutrients . It has also been suggested that VAM stimulate plant growth by physiological effects or by reducing the severity of diseases caused by the soil pathogens . Examples of free living nitrogen fixing bacteria are obligate anaerobes (Clostridium pasteurianum), obligate aerobes (Azotobacter), facultative anaerobes, photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodobacter), cyanobacteria and some methanogens. The example of Ksolubilizer is Bacillus mucilaginous while for P-solubilizer are Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas straita.

Regards,

Prem Baboo

Thank you very much sir for interesting answer

Regards

Ali Alhayany

Dear Ali Alhayany,

If you can take 20 expanded leaves from 3 of apricots and get a complete foliar analysis you will be able to discern any latent and actual deficiency and toxicity issues by comparing these values to optimized values.

I also suggest taking soil samples from the drip line area of the tree and getting a soil analysis.

Between the two you can see what amendment might be needed.

If you are open to that let me know the results and I would be glad to give a potential interpretation and suggested action plan for your consideration.

To balance nutrition it is usually wise to have a good idea of the soil and foliar status give much more idea of what is actually occurring.

Good Luck, Paul Reed Hepperly

Dear Paul Reed

My question may be not clear for you. I use  bio fertilizers including P soluble bacteria ,so I want to know that by time P of the soil may be consumed by plants In this case what kind of fertilizer I can use safely taking in consider environment pollution.

Best regards

Ali Alhayany 

When it comes to environmental effects of providing nutrition for organic farmers the organic amendment choice can include whether to use manure or compost in relation to long term effect and safety. I

n that regard compost would be the better option.

Phosphorus from these is more conserved and less of an issue using stabilized compost than raw manure.

Much of the issues with nutrient losses and environmental pollution are the result of erosion. When amendment is done in ways that materials are not washed and blown away the environmental footprint is much reduced.

One of the long term solutions has been the filling of compost socks to provide long term nutrition for fruit trees. The socks prevent blowing and excessing washing of the materials. These socks are placed strategically where active roots abound just beyond the drip line of the fruit tree. Your fruit trees will do best when soil pH is near neutral and the neutralizing of an acid environment and the acidifying of a Alkaline does much to foster nutrient availability and biological action in soils. In acid conditions under 5.7 liming would be recommended and sulfur addition for the overly alkaline over 7.3 pH.

If you are irrigating with drip irrigation your emitters should be located to facilitate the moistening and activity in and through your nutrient socks.

Hope some of these ideas are useful.