There have been studies done on psychiatric populations but they may not have limited it to a comorbidity. They may still be of interest to you. I suggest you look at the work of Cheryl Forchuk on the therapeutic relationship. This is a different term for the same concept.
You yourself wrote about this topic. The chock is the same whether it is breast cancer or cancer located in other places. It does not seem easy to cope with prostate cancer either. The problematic point is to cope with the insight that we are mortal and replaceable.
Article A Systematic Review of Therapeutic Alliance, Group Cohesion,...
Article Moral impact on patients affected by breast cancer on the th...
Article Helpful and unhelpful aspects of counselling following breas...
Article Racial Disparities in End-of-Life Care Among Patients With P...