Findings and conclusion of research can hardly be final or absolute. Many findings are as good as the quality, input and output variables at any point in time. There is always a better, more efficient and more cost-effective ways of doing anything.

While the findings were made, it may be compared to existing gold standard, after some time, improved capacity using enhance d methods/equipment or more sensitive machine may lead to better results. Hence research findings are usually relative at any point in time.

However, some fundamental facts may remain permanent but with gradually improved understanding and more sophisticated applications. Example of seemingly permanent findings are the various elements in periodic table (Chemsitry). Naturally existing facts found or described for the first time may be final to a large extend until proven otherwise.

Predominantly research findings are relative but few could remain for a life time.

Hello Wael,

Research outcomes most are relative than absolute.

qualitative and quantitative approach are the good method to evaluate.It depends on platform and paradigm of different layer of project management as well.

Regards Mehrabi