I propose the following research topic: Analysis of various anti-crisis, interventionist and pro-development formulas and variants of anti-crisis, interventionist, pro-development instruments of socio-economic, social, budget, fiscal, sectoral, innovation, pro-environmental and also monetary policy in the context of accelerating the process of recovering the economy from the economic crisis caused by in 2020 by the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic.
Few of the interesting topics that you may explore include: Adoption of clean technology, gendered effect of coronavirus pandemic, social norms and bargaining power of women. For these questions the DHS dataset for the particular country will be helpful.
Communities create infrastructure (roads, water, sewers, schools, etc.) to facilitate development. But if the infrastructure is well-designed and well-executed, nearby land becomes more valuable. The ability of private landowners to appropriate this publicly-created land value is the fuel for land speculation - a parasitic activity that creates nothing of value. However, land speculation inflates the price of land, particularly at prime locations (near infrastructure). This drives development away from prime sites towards cheaper, but more remote locations. This dynamic encouraging development at the urban fringe (urban sprawl) wastes valuable existing infrastructure, creates demand for its duplication at remote locations, reduces the ability to walk, bike or use transit (thereby increasing the number and distance of daily vehicular trips (traffic congestion, pollution and wasted energy).
Unfortunately, most communities do not maintain a land price index nor do they provide land price maps that would make this phenomenon easier to understand, study and manage. This issue is often overlooked and is ripe for more study.
In some countries, land is not salable. Farmers in rural areas do have only user rights. Some studies indicate that such a land tenure system limits farmers long term investment decisions on land and land productivity keeps deteriorating. Governments provide some provisions for land rental marketing to resolve such issues. However, it is not easy to take given this measure would improve investment on farm land: it depends on rental modalities, time length, transactions and trust. contract farming vs rental farming. Many unresolved issues that may need study and could differ from country to country. Of course, such micro level study usually needs rural household surveys with an intentionally developed questionnaire. Some Rural Household Survey (RHS) data by statistical Authorities may give part of the information.
Feminization of agriculture in developing countries, impact of online teaching on Children's cognitive ability, Climate change , PAHDI and sustainable development,
A pressing issue at present is to study the impact of Covid 19 on Inequality in developing countries. Impact on health inequalities, on employment inequalities, on consumption and income inequalities.
There is also a need investigating the impact of higher education on development in developing countries. Can knowledge without skill development help much in this respect?
Development economics is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation. Whereas economic development is a policy intervention aiming to improve the well-being of people.
Economist Amartya Sen describes economic growth as but "one aspect of the process of economic development". It can be the first stage, second stage economic development.
I think it would be a good topic The impact of dietary culture on long-term trends in health care. I would start from the thesis that the costs of health care will constantly increase due to pandemics, climate change and lifestyle. Therefore, measures to maintain a healthy diet could prevent the growth of health care costs, i.e. to enable further development of the economy, for a longer period. I believe that in the future there will be competition in investments for new techno-sciences and healthcare in countries that take care of their population.
There are some trending topics such as relative economic growth with a sustainable development and environment. This can be good subject as you can find may issues regarding this topic. Then you can finally narrow down and identify your research topic.
Welfare states creation in Europe/America or "developmental welfare" in former Eastern Asian countries - what was different in content and priorities. Anyway, the problem of inequalities/equality and exclusion/inclusion of marginal groups could be a research theme for development economics topic.
Strengthen,the welfare state is a form of government in which the state protects and promotes the economic and social well-being of the citizens, based upon the principles of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for citizens unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good .
"We have reached a tipping point. Inequality can no longer be treated as an afterthought. We need to focus the debate on how the benefits of growth are distributed.On the contrary, the opening up of opportunity can spur stronger economic performance and improve living standards across the board!" OECD Secretary-General
If you fellows don't mind, I would like to recommend reading my recent book, "A General Theory of Economic Development: Towards a Capitalist Manifesto"(Edward Elgar, 2017) which raises many important unresolved issues with the existing Development Economics paradigm, providing new research topics.
Sustainable development: development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is another trending in development economics.