I'm writing a paper on dogs gazing bahaviour to owners in natural settings and would like to know if there is any study that has been looking at gazing/visual attention in other species and in a natural context, not under strictly controlled conditions.
I'm guessing you're thinking about Brian Hare's work with dogs. I think there's some similar work on the rhesus macaque colony on Cayo Santiago done by Marc Hauser and colleagues many years ago. From what I know about the number of people who conducted these experiments, these data are of good quality and can be trusted. Again, I'm taking a guess here based on how the lab would apply lab-based approaches in "natural" settings.
Thank you for the suggestion - I will now take a look at Hauser works. As regards Hare's studies on dogs - I am quite familiar with them (as well as with the works on dogs' social skills by Miklosi in Hungary and by Huber in Vienna). However, they all are done in controlled conditions, whereas I am looking for studies on how attention is allocated to social partners in a real, natural context.
In case you haven't already come across theses:
Udell, M., & Wynne, C. (2010) Ontogeny and phylogney; Both are essential to human-sensitive behavior in the genus Canis. Animal Behavior, 79, 9-14. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehave.2009.11.033
Udell, M., Dorey, N., & Wynne, C. (2009) What did domestication do to dogs? A new account of dogs' sensitivity to human actions. Biology Review, 85, 327-345.
Pongracz, P., Miklosi, A., Kubinyi, E., Gurobi, K., Topal, J., & Csanyi, V. (2001). Social learning in dogs: the effect of a human demonstrator on the performance of dogs in a detour task. Animal Behavior, 62, 1109-1117
Rooney, N., & Bradshaw, J. (2003). Links between play and dominance and attachment dimensions of dog-human relationships. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 6(2), 67-94.
Nagasawa, M., Kikusui, T., Onaka, T., & Ohta, M. (2009). Dog's gaze at its owner increases owner's urinary oxytocin during social interaction. Hormones and Behavior, 55, 434-441.
While I don't know what your research question is, you might want to look at the medical literature on HA gazing that show evidence on hormone, immunology, HR, and HRV values.
Good luck!
Of course there is a direct link between gazing behavior based upon attachment and the types of relationships seen between the individuals.
Not sure if this is exactly what you are after Paolo, but this might interest you too:
Pierrick Blanchard and Hervé Fritz (2007) Induced or routine vigilance while foraging. Oikos, Vol. 116, Issue 10, 1603–1608.
I have one publication entitled field activities and blood profile of pregnant South african indigenous Nguni goats after receiving dihydroxy pyridone (DHP)-degrading rumen bacteria and grazing Leucaena leucocephala-grass and natural pastures. The article was published in Journal Agric. Science Cambridge in year 2002.
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