I've been working with serotype 19F pneumococcal capsular PS, which is a relatively fragile one of it's kind! therefor I'm struggling to stabilize final PS in solution (I'm using 20mM phosphate buffer). now for sample preparation for NMR I need to lyophilize my final PS but I couldn't find any proper protocols for pre-treatments and freeze-drying process itself (except for addition of amphoteric substances like Glycine to stabilize phosphodiester bonds connecting repeating units.) .

any ideas for pre-treatments and the freeze-drying process itself (like Temp. profile and duration of process, given that we will most likely have PS approx. with a final Conc. of 5 mg/ml and mean MW of PS size distribution will be between 350-500 KDa) ?

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