I was trying to calculate the sublimation energy but of Ti in 10^-8 torr. I understand that sublimation energy equals: E(delta t in solid)+E(solid to liquid)+E(delta t in liquid)+E(liquid to vapor)
Looks like in this vacuum pressure vaporization temperature of titanium is below its melting point. Then how should I used this formula to calculate total energy needed for sublimation?
Why do you think that the vaporisation temperature of Ti is below the melting point?
Any liquid boils when the vapor pressure exceeds the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid, which you are boiling - this means that the liquid has to be there in the first place before you can vaporise it. A different thing is evaporation, which describes particles leaving a liquid or solid due to their individual kinetic energy but this is a different process than boiling.
The conclusion being you can just apply the equation you have even in your vacuum.
you can see the following links:
1. https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:35024454
2. http://uspas.fnal.gov/materials/02Yale/07_TSP.pdf
3. Article Vacuum chamber with distributed titanium sublimation pumping...
4. https://www.britannica.com/technology/titanium-sublimation-pump
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