I'm trying to find literature on the release of ammonia from WBA type ion-exchange resins. I am currently using this resin for sulphate removal but it seems to be contributing a small amount of ammonia to the water as it passes through. Being an amine based resin, this probably isn't unusual but I can't find any literature that discusses it.
Does anyone have any experience with this or know of any papers on it?
Thank you.
I didn't have paper in hand. You should find some easily. However, it is very common about the degradation of anion exchange resin. If you run anion exchange chromatography, certain amount of amine will release from the stationary phase continuously. However, you can not stop it like the case here. That's why the life time of anion exchange column is much shorter than cation exchange column. Besides, why not use SBA (strong base amine) type ion-exchange resins, which should have better performance considering the removal efficiency and the stability.
WBA resins usually contain about 15% strong base groups (quarternary ammonium). If you regenerate the WBA resin with coustic soda, the strong base groups will be changed into hydroxide quarternary ammonium. This hydroxide quarternary ammonium is very unstable thermally and is decomposed very easily, releasing amine.
By the way, if you want to remove sulphate from a solution by WBA resins, the solution better to be acidic. Otherwise, only the strong base groups of the resin will be effecitve.
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