A highly structured semiconductor material with a conductivity type is available. What material can be modified to obtain a terahertz radiation source?
When you refer to a THz laser source are you referring to something similar to a QCL? In which case i am not aware of anything which can be synthesised without expensive equipment. To my knowledge every THz-QCL requires photolithography and wet etching processes (an example paper on high paper THz-QCL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6746300).
If however you are after Terahertz Time-Domain spectroscopy, there are plenty of inexpensive options for generation materials, such as ZnTe, GaAs, PCAs, InAs etc... This technique has the advantage of being broadband but requires a femetosecond laser source to drive the operation which in itself can be quite expensive.
However i hope that some inexpensive options for QCLs will become available soon, and if anyone has any further information on this please let me know!