you are right; the term 'spectrum' is not applicable here. The term 'spectrum' relates to frequency, wavelengths and energy dependend plots/presentations.
In the case of x-ray diffraction one may also say "diffraction pattern". This holds for one dimensional as well as for two dimensional ones.
The output from an X-ray diffraction experiment is usually presented as a diffractogram in which the intensity of diffracted x-rays is shown as a function of the scanning angle 2θ. (c)