Excessive exposure to TNF alpha leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, and other pathological responses in cells like endothelial cells. When cells are treated with TNF alpha, will the receptors (R1 or R2) go up (to echo with by TNF alpha) or down (to protect cells from being damaged)? I was not able to find a reference that gives the answer. I would be very appreciated if anyone knows the answer or if there are any references to share?
"Activates" would be a more precise term than "upregulates" in this case. Like any receptors, the binding of TNF to its receptors activates them. This paper gives some more detail: Article Regulation and dysregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor-1
(I found this by searching with https://galactic.biorelate.com/)
Chris Morris Thank you for the responses! I read that paper and it is very helpful.
It is for sure that TNF binds with its receptors and activates intracellular signaling cascades that lead to such as inflammation and apoptosis. But what I meant in the question is the regulation of the expression of TNF receptors after induction of TNF. I asked as I saw some publications showing after adding TNF, its receptors are downregulated in a few hours while others showing they are upregulated. It seems there are not many references available to see how TNF receptors change after the cells are treated with TNF.
Hello, Hongbing!
The two TNF receptor types trigger distinct and common signaling pathways that can work in an interconnected manner.
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