Actually tissue-specific bioaccumulation nature of metals in fish due to dietary and water borne exposures, metals are needed to determine in different tissues (e.g., gills, liver and muscle)

#The gills play significant role in transporting of metals from ex-ternal medium into the circulatory system of fish, eventually getting accumulated in internal tissues.

#Liver is the organ most associated with the detoxification and bio transformation process and in direct contact with toxicants in water due to its function, position and blood supply.

#The muscle acts as a final reservoir that gradually accumulates metals from other organs. Lower bioaccumulation tendency of muscle tissues than other tissues for metals contents is due to rapid rates of removal of these metals from the circulation and the weak ability of muscles to store them

Hi Md. Billah,

Yes, I agree with your comments. As I mentioned to check the accumulation pattern in different organs and their behavior in different tissues. If we study the other organs, we can justify the accumulation pattern, mechanism and the response of organs to the metals.

First, thank you for your question. 1-It is necessary to recognize that organs such as liver, kidneys, gills and heart are also edible parts even though it is clear that they are not the main part for consumption compared to muscle . 2-The analysis of xenobiotics in these organs helps to understand the metabolism and kinetics of xenobiotics and therefore their toxic effects on aquatic biodiversity in a general purpose of promoting biodiversity. 3-Moreover, it also makes it possible to project such studies in the interest of what it can be at the level of the Man who is at the end of the food chain.

Hi Manatchi Melila,

Thank you for your valuable comments.

Kind regards,

Anand.

Hello Anand,

Determining metal accumulation in different organs is important for various reasons on top of what you have already suggested; i.e to determine accumulation pattern of the metal. This accumulation pattern also has a bearing on the overall toxicity behaviour of the metals to the fish.

From a human health point of view, although the muscle tissue is the majority of the edible portions of a fish, other organs such as the liver, gills etc are edible and are often eaten too. From an ecosystem health point of view, I think you will agree with me that most predators literally eat every tissue/ organ (even bones!), therefore the metal levels in these organs matter.

Hello Charles,

Yes, I agree with your comments.

Cheers,

Anand.

Because each metal has its specific role to the metabolism of biota depending on the organism demands. Therefore, the bioaccumulation is selectively oriented mainly in the organ or tissue named "critical", which is the key for the level of impact of metal to the organism, as it concentrate the largest amount of the metal.

Dear Heleny Florou,

Thank you for your comments.

Regards,

Anand.

cheers

H.

It is important to analyze the different organs because of their differential response (or ability to accumulate) toxicants, for instance the liver being the organ responsible for detoxifying toxic substances such as metals is expected to have a higher concentration of these substances (though that is not always the case), however when their concentrations exceeds certain threshold above the capacity of the liver they spread to other organs and muscle tissues.

I agree with you Mr Anand Kumar . As long as I know that toxic element in liver, gill, kidney is investagated for accumulation pattern and their behavior.

Another reason is many peoples in Asian (especially in Southeast Asian) usually eats gill, intestine/ gut of fish as a traditional food.

Therefore, investigated of fishes in different organ is needed for safety risk when consuming fishes.

source : http://www.eurofishmagazine.com/sections/fisheries/item/445-fish-entrails-and-processing-waste-as-a-raw-material.

Hoping this info will help you.

good luck.

Hi Irwan Ramadhan,

Thank you for your suggestions.

Kind regards,

Anand.

Check and read this usefull link...

https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/eurl/ecvam/alternative-methods-toxicity-testing/validated-test-methods/bioconcentration-and-bioaccumulation

All best

Thank you for sharing the link Fatih Sahin.

Because during eating we can avoid that particular organ because they directly affect nervous system during our consumption