In literature, there are a lot of research about using chemicals containing long chain alkyl groups to prepare water repellenct substrate. However I heard chemicals containing these groups were banned. Do you have any information?
Hello,
Below is a direct quote from "P05 Project Team, Durable Water and Soil Repellent Chemistry in the Textile Industry – A Research Report P05 Water Repellency Project, November 2012, accessed on 03-11-2015 at "
"Since the 1950’s long-chain PFAAs as well as polymer and surfactants containing long-chain perfluoroalkyl functionality (termed by some as “C8”) that may degrade to form long-chain PFAAs have been widely used in numerous industrial and commercial applications.10’11 As a consequence of this widespread use, long-chain PFAAs including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been detected globally in the environment, wildlife and humans.
Concerns about the potential environmental and human health impacts of these long-chain PFAAs have led to actions by regulators and industry. [...]
As a result of their strong carbon-fluorine bonds, PFOA and PFOS do not break down in the environment. They have been shown to be persistent in the environment and have long elimination half-life in wildlife and in humans. Numerous reports have documented the presence of long-chain PFAAs in aquatic environments in Japan, United States, Germany and Italy, with PFOA and PFOS comprising the most detected chemicals.17’18 [...] in products treated with perfluoroalkyl-containing chemicals.20 In ecosystems and in living organisms, chemicals such as perfluorosulfonamide can be biotransformed to PFOS.21
Since PFOA and PFOS are ubiquitous in the environment, exposure to these chemicals is also widespread. PFOS was the predominant perfluorinated chemical found among Durable Water and Soil repellent chemistry in the textile industry [...].22 In the United States, PFOA and PFOS were detected in over 98 percent of 2,094 serum samples collected between 2003 and 2004.23 Breast milk samples collected from mothers from Sweden and China have also been found to contain PFOA and PFOS.24’25 To date, epidemiologic data is insufficient to conclusively associate these chemicals with any of the diseases of concern.26 Nonetheless, toxicological studies and the limited epidemiologic studies have associated PFOA and PFOS to severe adverse health outcomes, including reproductive and developmental effects, immune system effects and cancer.27 "
There is a discussion about the banning of fluorinated alkyl chains (or at least the PFOA) - if the same would be true for alkyl I would also be interested.
Hello,
Below is a direct quote from "P05 Project Team, Durable Water and Soil Repellent Chemistry in the Textile Industry – A Research Report P05 Water Repellency Project, November 2012, accessed on 03-11-2015 at "
"Since the 1950’s long-chain PFAAs as well as polymer and surfactants containing long-chain perfluoroalkyl functionality (termed by some as “C8”) that may degrade to form long-chain PFAAs have been widely used in numerous industrial and commercial applications.10’11 As a consequence of this widespread use, long-chain PFAAs including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been detected globally in the environment, wildlife and humans.
Concerns about the potential environmental and human health impacts of these long-chain PFAAs have led to actions by regulators and industry. [...]
As a result of their strong carbon-fluorine bonds, PFOA and PFOS do not break down in the environment. They have been shown to be persistent in the environment and have long elimination half-life in wildlife and in humans. Numerous reports have documented the presence of long-chain PFAAs in aquatic environments in Japan, United States, Germany and Italy, with PFOA and PFOS comprising the most detected chemicals.17’18 [...] in products treated with perfluoroalkyl-containing chemicals.20 In ecosystems and in living organisms, chemicals such as perfluorosulfonamide can be biotransformed to PFOS.21
Since PFOA and PFOS are ubiquitous in the environment, exposure to these chemicals is also widespread. PFOS was the predominant perfluorinated chemical found among Durable Water and Soil repellent chemistry in the textile industry [...].22 In the United States, PFOA and PFOS were detected in over 98 percent of 2,094 serum samples collected between 2003 and 2004.23 Breast milk samples collected from mothers from Sweden and China have also been found to contain PFOA and PFOS.24’25 To date, epidemiologic data is insufficient to conclusively associate these chemicals with any of the diseases of concern.26 Nonetheless, toxicological studies and the limited epidemiologic studies have associated PFOA and PFOS to severe adverse health outcomes, including reproductive and developmental effects, immune system effects and cancer.27 "
I found the following document (21 and 74. materials)
http://reach.immib.org.tr/en-us/SVHC-List-Candidate-list
http://echa.europa.eu/candidate-list-table
I am not sure whether the Fatty acids, C16-18 are toxic for their lead salts or not.
Pentadecafluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and Fatty acids, C16-18, lead salts are Toxic for reproduction (Article 57 c in REACH).
They are in Candidate List of substances of very high concern (SVHC) for Authorisation in REACH.
Seam to be a misunderstanding. Probably, what you read was related to modified alkyl chains. Not the fatty acids are toxic, but easily degraded and as you know part of human diet in form of fat and oil.
What do you think about modified alkyl chains? Why are they toxic? Which type of modification do you mention? Firstly, as I said I heard long chain alkyl groups are toxic. But I dont know why? or whether the information is true or not. I researched, but I can not find satisfied explanations. Do you know why they are toxic or not?
I'm not sure whether I get your question right. But maybe you are referring to MOSH - mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons ?! In that case you may find some hints regarding toxicity in the following paper:
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/search/doc/2704.pdf
I understand the mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH), in printing food package especially recycled, is deposited in the body and may cause damage to the liver and the lymph nodes when they are taken as oral consumption with foods.
I study about using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane for superhydrophobic textile coating process. I wonder, on the textile materials, especially if it is crosslinked to textile materials, could be the paraffin emulsion's zirconium salts or hexadecyltrimetoxysilane dangerous?
Thank you for your interest
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/52360?lang=en®ion=TR
GHS07
Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), category 4
Skin irritation, category 2
Eye irritation, category 2
Skin sensitisation, category 1
Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single exposure, category 3 - See more at: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/help-welcome/hazard-and-precautionary-statements.html#pictogram
mineral oil is different from fatty. Mineral oil in food package is problem because it carries carbon black / PAH. The silanes should be chemically bound to the surface. Their adverse health effects are related to their reactivity.
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Physical Sciences
- Materials Science
- Materials Chemistry