The surgeons should be compensated for their contribution towards society as society is benefitted so ethically society should compensate sufficiently to promote surgeons for more original research in challenging surgeries
The same is true for any medical or surgical procedure but in a world where healthcare is demanded as a right rather than a privilege, this would be met with unrest. Ideally, yes the innovation and genius of the individual should be rewarded by society for they are the ones to benefit from it - but alas, how many are grateful? The general antagonism against the fraternity would not be conducive to the idea. Not to mention the ethical issues that would arise! Other than pharma I don't believe other services would be conducive to patents..