In the J-V measurement of a perovskite solar cells, the PCE of reverse is higher than that of forward, but why the Jsc of forward is higher than that of reverse?
would you please show us the the J-V curves in the forward scan and the in the reverse scan. Would you please also give the layer structure of your perovskite solar cells. This is the hysteresis effect in perovskite solar cells which is intensively investigated in the solar cell literature.
It is always that there is two currents a conduction current + a displacement current. I= Icon + Idis
The displacement current = C dV/dt
In the forward scan dV/dt is positive
In the reverse scan dV/dt is negative.
There is also hysteresis because of the presence of ions capable of movement. They move according to the net electric field on them. The net electric field is the superposition of the built in electric field and the applied biasing. These mobile charges can cause also hysteresis. The hysteresis can affect also the short circuit current.
Specific hysteresis mechanism must determined for specific structures.