I call anyone to challenge me on the above described.

Interesting.

Dear Dr. Markoulakis,

As far as I know, no physically vacuum model assumes that it is empty if the system is not considered locally. But I suggest you validate your hypothesis on the local segment of Planck sizes. I think that it is necessary to consider a vacuum, only on such scales. Answer the question, can a quantum of space be empty, if not, how can it be filled, if so, can an electromagnetic wave propagate in it?

There are many models of vacuum. What you describe is similar to the concept of ether dynamics, or the representation of vacuum as a Bose condensate with a hydrodynamic description. In the latter case, the concept of vacuum tension is used and the longitudinal gravitational wave is described similarly to an acoustic one. The model is beautiful, but beautiful does not mean true.

I don't care about cross referencing theoretical models and which one is more "beautiful" couldn't care less, but experimental data and a critical review of the classical EM theory and reexamination of some of its dogmatic statements which can however be harmful and misleading to our understanding of our physical reality.

We must be very accurate in the detail when describing physical phenomena else we can fall into wrong conclusions.

For example, the statement that EM wave propagation between a source and a target receptor either in vacuum space or in Earth's atmosphere in the far field dissipates in power with distance, with the inverse square law is not accurate therefore wrong since it implies that far field electric dipole pair interactions (assuming the two dipoles are isolated with no other charges present inbetween) are obeying the inverse square. This is, because in reality we completely ignore that the in between distance is deeming and is full of zero-point virtual electrons in the case of vacuum space and electrons in the case of Earth's atmosphere, all within the near field from each other where the square law with distance applies. So yes it may seem that a EM radiation source and a receptor EM target are separated by the far field d>>x but in reality they are linked by countless intermediate electron photon carriers all linked by near field electric dipole interactions.

The above is actually the exact physical reason why the EM waves between a transmitting dipole radio antenna and a far placed receiving dipole antenna, dissipate with the inverse square law and not the inverse cube as we have in magnetism either in Earth's atmosphere or vacuum space.

And in case you don't know what I am talking about, interaction between two far placed d>>x electric dipoles pair (+)--x--(-)(+)--x--(-) assuming there are truly no other charge carriers in between, dissipates with the inverse cube with distance the same as in the case of magnetic dipoles.

So, No. EM waves communication in the far field would not be possible without these intermediate near field electric dipoles interactions.

Therefore since as we are told EM communications are possible in deep vacuum space, this means the vacuum space is not empty and is full of zero-point fluctuations electrons and photons which provide the matter medium necessary for EM waves in space.

Emmanouil

The Poynting vector can be exist only in the space-time fulled by electromagnetic field. It means that in the right part of field (Einstein) equations. If you want to consider its structure in vacuum you must, you must introduce the sum of two energy-impulse tensors: electromagnetic field + vacuum tensor. That to construct Poynting vector it is necessary to solve the system of 10 Einstein equations with the right part (sum of two tensors). The energy-impulse of inflation vacuum can be obtained from the energy-impulse of ideal liquid by the condition rho c^2 = --p, where rho is the density of liquid, p is its pressure.

Electric and magnetic fields are not propagated thru vacuum the way pressure waves are propagated thru matter. They are properties of space itself. Matter can modify the properties of the space they occupy, hence the relative permittivity and permeability of different materials. Faraday and Maxwell had difficulty getting their peers to accept this concept; that space itself can have properties independent of any matter; or lack of matter (vacuum). The Poynting vector and Maxwell's equations are ways to describe these two properties (of space) and how they interact with each other and with matter.

The vector Poyting propagation in vacuum is an abstract concept, a non-realistic and it is not cuthed up. Equivalent to symple pendulum concept. Are models in limit situations. The vacuum should go to infinite also, in local aproch is not valuable.

The GW170817 merger of two neutron stars showed that the speed of light and the speed of gravity are identical - to about 14 decimals.

The only way this can occur is if gravity and electromagnetism share the same underlying potential. Since for my visualizations, I must show things that humans can see, I imagine a sea of gravitons with particular properties that allow them to bind and form things like electrons, photons, gluons, magnetic fields, protons, quarks and other human visualizations and models

In this conception, things like the experiment to "find" the Higgs boson are expensive ways to create bubbles in a physical potential. This potential has many ideal fluid properties, including Maxwell's stronger than steel property. But, to fit the quantum foam and string theories easily, with quantifiable experiements and calculations, I had to assume that the gravitons can form chains, sheets, networks, and more complex structures.

The average diffusion velocity of the gravitons is the speed of light, but their individual speeds are limited only by local conditions. To shortcut the relation with electromagnetism, I assume the gravitons individually obey the Schrodinger equation (3D wave equation) and so can have structure, energy, angular momentum, and magnetic properties. Mass and charge are "emergent" properties built, as a practical matter, by simulation of many interacting gravitons, with primarily "magnetic" dipole interactions.

For visualization and quick back-of-the- envelope calculations of what might be possible, it is extremely helpful as a guide. But then one must build models that fit all the billions of interacting theories - most is terribly abstruse and useless form.

Do you think "dark energy" is the new term for "aether"? You can give it any name you want, but any theory based on substance as the foundation of reality is an infinite search... if it's aether, then what is THAT made out of? In other words, arguing for the existence of an aether is like arguing that a point on a circle is the REAL beginning or end of the circle.

I have proposed in my paper that it is more correct to focus on reality as a process, because a process includes both substance and action, noun and verb, space and time, etc. Motion, for example is a form of energy and a particle is also a form of energy that materializes as a "curled-up particle" (mathematically, a vector curl) in 3-D space only because there are other particles that provide a relativistic background "divergent field" that gives it relative motion. So the process is cyclic in nature in that motion transforms dark (formless) energy into particles (form) and particles experience relative motion, which forms more particles in motion... The result is the expansion of the universe. Total energy is conserved because motion is transformed into quantum particles - collapsed wave functions that act as binary quantum bits. As a form of information, the expanding universe might be the basis for understanding expanding consciousness.

Dear All,

I have to break my silence on this, I must answer.

I have proven many times so far that assuming a theoretically isolated quantum electric dipole pair (+)--x--(-)(+)--x--(-) , separated by d>>x in the far field, with no other electric charges in between (in practice not possible) will interact with a force dissipating with the inverse cube law with distance as exactly in the case of magnetic dipoles.

Moreover, I have experimentally proven that magnetic N-S dipoles interaction in the near field d ≥ x , contrary to the general misconception, the magnetic dipolar force dissipates with the inverse square law with distance as in electric dipoles and not with the inverse cube as thought. This is also a strong indication that electrons are actually quantum elementary magnetic dipoles, that they are not electric monopoles and they so called electric charge, is actually their whirling magnetic dipole flux due to their axial angular spin forming a uniform spinning magnetosphere we call today as electric charge.

Data Measurement of Direct with no curl axial flux B field of N-S...

This is vital to understand.

Now continuing my stream of thought experiment. The fact that EM waves thus photons, which are really dynamic electric dipole interactions of matter (air is also matter) are propagating as many times confirmed by experiments and measurements, with the inverse square law with distance can inescapable mean only one thing.

Thus, that these must be a stream of near field quantum electric dipole interactions which is very logical conclusion considering that matter is full of electrons all within the near field with each other.

Therefore photons, light and EM waves can only be possible as a cascade mechanism phenomenon of electrons charging (absorption of photon by electron) and electrons discharging (emission of photon by electron) essentially retransmitting and passing by along matter their magnetic charge pulse emissions thus light and EM. The above mechanism explains also the discrete quantized nature of light and EM radiation, thus photons.

I know that the above photo says it all.

EM phenomenon is a relay race essentially.

And No. EM is a matter phenomenon and therefore needs a medium to propagate unless you believe electrons as not being matter.

Emmanouil

p.s. EM waves propagation in vacuum space is possible due to the zero point energy fluctuations field everywhere present in space (aether?), with vacuum space full with virtual particles, acting as the medium for EM waves propagation in "empty" space.

Filming the Speed of Light at 10 Trillion FPS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Ys_yKGNFRQ

Preprint Why electromagnetic waves propagation in vacuum space is inf...

Why electromagnetic waves propagation in vacuum space is inferring that space is actually a medium matter?

Emmanouil,

A new consideration: The measures of Poyting vector, the evidence of interferences or diffraction need detectors. The detectors are matter always. The vacuum space will be (?) into light sources and other material supports and the detector set-up.

Best wishes,

Eusebio

Preprint Why electromagnetic waves propagation in vacuum space is inf...

You are right, em waves cannot propagate through vacuum and there is no vacuum in this universe

I updated my notes that I posted on 17 Apr 2019.

I am now using a graviton-filled universe, where mass and charge are emergent properties that can be calculated from first principle simulations. I allow the speed of gravitons to vary and only require that the average speed in our part of the universe match the current published standard. The speed of light and gravity are the same because they share the same underlying potential - which is made of a gravitons.

Most of the universe is filled with a gas of gravitons, but is can take on fluid, solid and crystalline form. All matter is made of gravitons. In a simple way, a photon is just a pair of gravitons, but many combinations are possible, and the combinations can be calculated with a slight modification of string theory, particularly ones that deal with quantum foam and loop quantum gravity.

If this is correct, then the cores of black holes can be ordinary matter, with quark gluon cores. When they exceed the density for formation of "crystalline" gravitons (I did not want to say crystal gravitonium), then you get a quark star hypernova (I had to invent a term for an hypermassive quark star that goes nova in an event the size of a big bang.)

All black holes do not have to have quark gluon cores, but probably most quark stars have masses so they are trapping mass and photons. But they cannot block gravitons. Since photons and mass are bound gravitons, then conceivably an advanced civilization could image the interiors of black holes at leisure. We could do this now, if we could gather data from more than one tiny point in the universe.

I do not know the relation between this type of graviton and a neutrino. I expect they will be very close, or identical. But the properties and behavior of the neutrino, and its reactions will have to be updated a bit.

Richard Collins, The Internet Foundation

Dear Richard and All,

I generally agree with your outline analysis presented in your reply and experimental data I know you posses and your words are definitely not empty but backed up.. I come to the relevant conclusions also from my experimental observations. My elementary "aether molecule or aether quanta" consisting 3D macroscopic space from my experimental conclusions must be a magnetic monopole therfore a graviton vortex (nothing magnetic about it in its inert dormant state). It must be in size close to the Planck length and its irrotational speed at the center of the vortex is multiple times the speed of light and therefore undetectable for us humans. As soon as the gravitron comes out of its inert states and starts combining with other it forms magnetic dipoles and essentially all elementary particles we know of.

However, please hear me out, I disagree with your assessment of graviton directly be responsible for gravity phenomenon in our Universe. I believe that graviton as you call it is directly responsible for the magnetic phenomenon and formation of spinning magnetic dipole entities like electrons and quarks and in general for the formation of EM, fermionic repulsion, quantum magnetic attraction and strong and weak nuclear forces which eventually lead to the formation of ordinary matter and its macroscopic mass.

The closest we can get to a disturbed graviton is each single point in a magnetic flux line. Each point is the central rotational axis of the graviton vortex. Essentially a magnetic flux line are the aligned in one line vortices of gravitons. In its inert state we can not call the aether molecule even as graviton. Who knows what it is? I believe its like a water molecule resembling Brownian motion vibration many times the speed of light.

What comes next is macoscopic gravity attraction of matter and mass which I insist is exclusively a macroscopic side effect of quantum matter EM in general. Meaning that it is an equilibrium net macroscopic effect of the quantum magnetic forces and quantum fermionic repulsion forces inside matter. The quantum net fermionic repulsion field which gives the volume in matter, decays much faster with distance than the quantum magnetic attraction field inside matter which gives the coherence of matter and therefore the resulting macroscopic net force thus gravity phenomenon is always attractive in nature.

Notice here that despite general believe, magnetic force is naturally an attractive force. As an example free magnets (without any external force acted upon them) will always reorient their poles and attract each other. If there would be no quantum fermionic repulsion, matter would have no volume and it would eventually compress under quantum magnetic attraction to a singularity point.

Preprint The quantum origin of gravity and why gravity can only be a ...

Black holes in my experimental interpretation have no matter or mass at their center and apex. They are negative pressure points in spacetime thus a point like sudden drop in the scalar aehter medium pressure or else sea of gravitons. So it is not a matter induced phenomenon rather a lack of aether pressure and an aether field anomaly of spacetime. This may emulate gravity but it is not mass induced gravity, it is something else.

Preprint Do Black Holes appear black because not even light can escap...

I suggest you participate in the discussion here:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_the_electron_mass_strictly_of_electromagnetic_origin

Your input will be most welcome.

Kind Regards,

Emmanouil

For everyone who knows physics!

Explain this if you can?

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_it_possible_the_neutralize_by_gamma_radiation_a_magnetic_field_without_demagnetizing_the_permanent_magnet

Hi Emmanouil,

please check my Paper „Electrodynamics in Euclidean Space Time Geometries„!

I show theoretically possible fields for ray of light propagation by use of vacuum polarization.

Best regards

Jörn

Thanks. You are researching the ultimate reality why EM propagation is possible in absence of ordinary matter.

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/space-heater-scientists-find-new-way-to-transfer-energy-through-a-vacuum/

By experiment proven here although the author does not admit it and separates the so called classical EMR from his experimentally found vacuum space energy mediation. However he does not adequately account make it clear how he separated control experiment the two ways of transmission in "empty" space?

For me propagation of EM waver in empty space is only done in one way. Thus through the zero point quantum vacuum energy fluctuations and the virtual particles constantly emerging from vacuum space.

Sounds like a common understanding of wave propagation we share...

BTW, excellent paper of yours. I am impressed.

Just trying to understand for 20 years...

You are heading quite strong towards using quantum mechanics to explain physics. Avoid descriptive physics without understanding! QM is full of such things but many of these things have simple explanations in terms of EM field theory.