Why is the rate of decomposition affected by pH of soil and hat environmental factors do decomposers require to increase their activity?
Soil pH may affect decomposition rates of dead matter (litter) directly by effects on decomposers and indirectly by effects on the plant species and the quality of the dead leaves they shed. Leaf pH may be an important aspect of this quality. pH - Lower levels imply acidity, hence lower bacterial population, which decreases the rate of decomposition. Soil substratum- the lower levels show decreased decomposition and it is highest in the upper substratum. For instance, soil pH, or its associated chemistry in terms of base cations and organic acids, may affect decomposition rates of dead matter directly, by controlling decomposer composition and activity and, indirectly, by controlling the traits of the plant species and thereby the afterlife effects of those traits. The decomposition of carbohydrates in the glycolytic pathway produces carboxylic groups which, after dissociation, may decrease soil pH. As soon as these groups are decarboxylated in the citrate cycle an equivalent amount of protons is required inducing a rise in soil pH. A low pH indicates an acidic soil, and this can have a major impact on the decomposition of organic matter. Bacteria the organisms most responsible for breaking down organic matter experience a sharp drop-off in activity once the pH drops below 6.0. Decomposers are most active in warm environments, typically between 20-30°C. Moisture: Moisture is another important environmental factor that affects decomposer activity. Decomposition occurs through chemical reactions, and these reactions require water. Decomposers in ecosystems act as environmental cleaners by decaying dead plants and animals. They aid in the recycling of nutrients. They make room for a new life in the biosphere by decaying the dead. Decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. They break apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary producers.
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