It is always said that, smaller the droplet size, better is the mixing efficiency, and hence more efficient is the combustion as well. But literature says, there is certain limit on the minimum size of the droplet. Why is that constraint?
In fact the limitation for droplet size is for large droplet < 50 µm higher the risk is to broke the droplets and increase the combustion surface leading to instability
The same risk of HF instability is existing for droplet size < 20µm ( high combustion surface )despite high combustion efficiency
In my opinion to avoid issue is to produce high scattered droplet sizes : look to the Russian injector pattern
In my opinion, if the diameter of the droplets in the spray is too small ,the penetration of the spray is short because the air resistance will be the main factor to effect the droplet movement. Then spray, fuel vapor, and flame will distribute in a limited space .