Why is methionine always the first amino acid?

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Yashwanth Goudu

Synthesis of a protein starts with the binding of ribosomal subunits and initiation factors to the mRNA. In this process, the initiation factor eIF2 is bound to initiator tRNA (met-tRNAi) and not to other tRNAs. Upon recognition of the initiation codon AUG, translation starts with the methionine that is bound to the initiator tRNA.

Martiniano Bello

Hi Namratha,

The first tRNA to bind to the peptidyl binding site in the initiation complex is always the initiator tRNA, tRNAfMET, this latter binds to the start codon of mRNA, AUG. Therefore, the first amino acid of the protein is methionine.