A small amount of second phase in an alloy/material can be detected by electron diffraction easily but XRD cannot.
Why electron diffraction is more sensitive (stronger) compared to XRD?
Because the cross-section for electron interaction with matter is much higher than that of X-rays/photons. That's why one (typically) needs to perform electron diffraction studies in vacuum, while X-ray diffraction works fine in air or at ambient gas pressure.
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Because of difference scattering power i.e. the form factor, the diffraction techniques are different from each other with respect to sensitivity. Neutron diffraction is sensitive one for low Z material, X-ray diffraction is sensitive for high Z materials and electron diffraction is like X-ray diffraction but much sensitive than it.
Best regards, A. Ahad
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