TTIP was used to form the Ti-sols at room temperature. Deposited thin films on glass slides were producing cracks and getting peel off after air drying. What may be the reason for immediate crystallization and how to get rid of this problem.
Hi Sivagami,
If you prepare thick film, rapid solvent evaporation during drying cause cracking and eventually that leads peeling of films. May I know, which technique you are following for film fabrication? If film thickness is not a restriction for your study, you can go to higher rpm (~6000) for spin-coating or in case of dip coating maintain high withdrawal speed to make thin film. Note that TiO2 sol is not very stable in ambient condition for hydrolysis issues.
Cracking is well known problem in fabrication of thin films .To decrease cracking and peeling and get good adhesion between TiO2 sol and glass substrate, it is necessary to gradually heating of TiO2 sol to avoid rapid solvent evaporation . Also, choosing a suitable solvent and thickness are an important factors that control the deposition process.
@ Jony Saha . I prefer spin coating at 2500 rpm and I am preparing thin films only.
Hi Sivagami,
The solution is to have a proper sintering of the TiO2 film. Just see our publication, link is given below. TiO2 sol is stable over a period exceeding an year (its not a tough job to do so). Just follow the simple steps given in the experimental section, Use cold water (10 degree) helps to form better sol with small particle sizes. Addition of TTIP should be very slow. Rest of the details for the film formation you can see in the publication.
'https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315331616_TiO_2_colloid-based_compact_layers_for_hybrid_lead_halide_perovskite_solar_cells'
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2017.01.009
All the best
Article TiO 2 colloid-based compact layers for hybrid lead halide pe...
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