Why does air generally rise near the equator what happens as it rises and what creates the air pressure difference between the equator and the poles?
Dear Researchers ,
Air in colder zones are heavier, and with more pressure also.
In the Global spatial, there appears a distinct rise in temperature of a region for a few months or so.
This rise in temperature, causes a low pressure region,
Now the draft of air would start to blow from this HP region in Equator to the Warmer areas Etc.
We can cite an example in the Indian sub-continent
This is the starter of Indian Monsonic winds towards Rajasthan desert region- The example of SW- South West oriented winds- moisture laden, bringing in rains Etc.
Pl read- consult related papers on this subject- attached for reference
All the best
Prof Ajit Seshadri
The Earth is most strongly heated near the equator. Surface air is heated and expands as the temperature increases, thereby decreasing the density of the air. This low density air rises over the equator, and is replaced by surface air streaming from north and south of the equator.In the tropics, near the equator, warm air rises. When it gets about 10-15 km (6-9 miles) above the Earth surface it starts to flow away from the equator and towards the poles. Air that rose just north of the equator flows north. Air that rose just south of the equator flows south. Cold air, being more dense, sinks and hot air, being less dense, rises. Consequently, the rising warm air at the equator becomes even less dense as it rises and its pressure decreases. An area of low pressure, therefore, exists over the equator. Differential heating of the Earth's surface results in equatorial regions receiving more heat than the poles. As air is warmed at the equator it becomes less dense and rises, while at the poles the cold air is denser and sinks. The cold air that descends at the poles moves over the Earth's surface towards the equator, and by about 60o latitude it begins to rise, creating a Polar Cell between 60o and 90o. Between 30o and 60o lie the Ferrel Cells, composed of sinking air at 30o and rising air at 60o. So the air rising at the equator is warm and full of water vapor; as it rises into the upper atmosphere it cools, and the cool air can no longer hold as much water vapor, so the water condenses and forms rain. The air temperature diminishes as we move from the equator towards the poles because the sun's ray's reach the earth at an angle outside the tropics. So the temperature decreases. As air rises, it cools, condenses and forms clouds. This is why this region around the equator is hot, humid and often experiences rain. The heating, rising and cooling of air creates different air masses to circulate air throughout the Earth. Wind or water that travels toward the poles from the equator is deflected to the east, while wind or water that travels toward the equator from the poles gets bent to the west. The Coriolis Effect bends the direction of surface currents. At the equator, the altitude is lower and also because of the direct heating of sun rays on the surface, the temperature is much higher than at the poles. This makes the air near the surface hot and lighter and hence it rises up which results in lower air pressure. Equatorial regions are hotter and the air above expands, becomes less dense and rises. This produces a low pressure belt at this latitude.
An inference to perform n observe Sir ;
In urban city and with full scale development , certain greens-cluster in urban pockets, remain a few degrees cooler.
The region being cooler is having air-envelope denser, more air to flow in stream to areas with warmer regions
This causes local air currents helping in dissipation of ambient air fouled with excess vehicular pollution Etc also
The patterns need to be observed, and taken benefit.
If this phenomenon is definitive,
then areas with partial greens, can be developed with more greens..
These areas becoming appear cooler, due to differential temps..
can be confirmed
Any way excess greening can help too..
Can pass on this info to a junior faculty in Environmental studies,
He can depute his students (4) to observe and confirm this happening in field
May be observed, and reported Sir !
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