I electrodeposited GO/PANI directly on electrode and dried at room temperature, then used it for Galvanostatic charge discharge via three electrode configuration in 1 M H2SO4. During charging discharging there are bubbles appear on it as shown in attachment. how i remove this and how they (bubbles) affect the charging discharging of the film, i.e., its electrochemical performance
In my point of view, I think the problem is the surface area of your counter electrode which is not sufficiently high. It means there is the same current on the counter electrode as on the working electrode. Probably, if you increase the surface area of the counter electrode without changing the surface area of working electrode, the current density on counter electrode will be lower. Therefore, H2 will be dissolved in the electrolyte and diffuse away than be accumulated into the gas bubble. It might be possible to avoid H2 generation on counter electrode if its surface area is very high.
Dear all, please refer to the following RG link, this question has been discussed eight years ago. My Regards
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_reduce_bubble_in_charge_discharge_measurement1
Dear Sachin Kumar,
could you show, please, some of the Galvanostatic (i=? mA/cm^2) charge/discharge graphs (Vpotential vs time), as well as those that are affected by the bubbles ?
Ioannis Samaras Thank You for reply.
I electrodeposited material directly on electrode then do GCD at 0.1 F/g with potential window of 0 to 0.8 V .
I attached two images (1 &2) with only difference that images one has mass loading 10 mg and image 2 has 6 mg. Bubbles appear on film of image 1 has mass loading 10 mg, while for second one there is no bubbles appears on film.
Area of counter electrode is approximately same in both cases i.e., 2.5 cm * 1 Cm.
Value of Specific capacitance is also very close to each other.
Dear Colleague, I've sent you a pdf, take a look at chapter 2, it may be helpful
Dear Sachin Kumar ,
the very low (WE[1]) conductivity is the, main, source of your candidate SCs' issues: low-reversibility, bubbles, high disch./charging time (in ks?), ... etc.
So, find, as a 1st priority, a way[2] to increase, drastically, the WE-conductivity.
Also, could you say, please, more[3] about your experimental conditions for the Galvanostatic (i=??? mA/cm^2) charge/discharge graphs (1.png and 2.png) ?
1. WE =: electrodeposited GO/PANI
2. Reduce, drastically, the thickness, or try electrodeposition of r-GO/PANI.
3. a) What is the RE ?
b) What is the WE's substrate-material ?
c) ... etc.
Ioannis Samaras
Reference electrode i used is Ag/AgCl. Galvanostatic charge discharge is carried out in 1 M H2SO4 electroyte solution via three electrode configuration at room temperature and
i = 1 mA/cm2 for image 1, and
i = 0.66 mA/cm2 for image 2
Working electrode substrate is Stainless steel (304) mesh.
I think charge/discharge time should be as high as possible because specific capacitance (C=It/mV) is directly is proportional to it.
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