Places on earth that sustain a comparatively stable environment ensuring energy and materials for life on an evolutionary time scale, may flourish in biodiversity. Importantly, sunlight, temperature, and rainfall.
We can never know 'why' because it's a teleological question, unless you say God created it that way. But we can investigate biome relationships to find associations :)
this is interesting question, I think there are some factors influence to biodiversity such as the impact of climate change and nutrients availability in addition to soil validity.
Diversity, richness, and distribution of species in different ecosystems and the existence of high biodiversity in one region compared to other regions can depend on geographical differences, climate, and all factors that are effective in an ecosystem.
Of course, today, due to human conflicts and industrialization, we have threatened and even endangered biodiversity.
However, with the implementation of appropriate management strategies, protection, and determination of biodiversity hotspots, there is still significant genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity in many habitats. Also, in some other areas, the biodiversity of the area has decreased due to a lack of attention despite suitable habitat conditions.
This is a very interesting question. Differences in biodiverse locations could be due to multiple factors such as: climate condition, human interferences or anthropogenic activities, species invasiveness or spread, and most especially, availability of energy source (such as sun light, food and water for plants and animals' survival)
The level of biodiversity in different places is influenced by a combination of various factors and ecological processes. Some key reasons why certain places are more biodiverse than others include:
Geographical Location: Places located near the equator, such as tropical regions, tend to be more biodiverse. The warm and stable climate in these areas, along with consistent sunlight and abundant rainfall, creates ideal conditions for diverse and continuous life forms.
Habitat Diversity: The presence of various ecosystems, such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, and aquatic habitats, within a particular area provides a wide range of niches and resources, allowing for the coexistence of diverse species.
Climate Stability: Areas with relatively stable climates and minimal temperature fluctuations can support continuous populations of different species, fostering biodiversity.
Evolutionary History: Places with long geological and evolutionary histories tend to accumulate a higher diversity of species over time due to factors like speciation and adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
Geographic Barriers: Physical barriers like mountains, oceans, and large rivers can limit gene flow between populations, leading to isolated evolution and the formation of new species, enhancing biodiversity.
Human Influence: Human activities can either enhance or reduce biodiversity. Some areas that have been managed for conservation, such as national parks and protected areas, may have higher biodiversity due to restricted human impact.
Disturbance Regime: Some ecosystems thrive under natural disturbances, like wildfires or floods, creating diverse habitats and allowing various species to coexist.
Connectivity: Ecosystems that are well-connected with one another can facilitate the movement of species, allowing for genetic exchange and the colonization of new habitats, supporting biodiversity.
Availability of Resources: Areas with abundant resources, such as food and water, can sustain larger populations of different species, contributing to higher biodiversity.
Environmental Heterogeneity: Spatial and temporal variations in environmental factors, like temperature, precipitation, and soil conditions, can foster diverse adaptations and species richness.
It's important to note that these factors often interact with one another, and the reasons for high biodiversity can vary between different regions and ecosystems. Understanding the underlying drivers of biodiversity is crucial for effective conservation and management efforts to preserve Earth's rich and diverse ecosystems.