I am looking for the best model of route optimization to adopt on my research that I can use to assess variables such as costs of different fuels, and the surrounding along those roads.
Seems like operational research methods would serve the purpose. However, it is not easy to simply define the best model given this description - you need to consider the data you have and the design of the problem itself. Also, you will probably need to compare different optimization models (apply them to your data) to effectively be able to say that your optimization is the best for the problem itself and the results, given the constraints (time, computational, etc) you have.