try to get this paper " Interactions of metal ions with chitosan-based sorbents: a review" , may u generate new idea
personally I think it is difficult to find such a sorbent for heavy metals removal becuase heavy metals may exist in different oxidation states and may have many species as free ions and complexed with ligants that may greatly affect their water solubility, and other physicochemical properties affecting their absorbtion behavior.
What do you mean by saying "best"? There are hundreds of different materials that can adsorb heavy metals! You can not say that the material with highest sorption capacity (actually it is not so easy compare different materials as parameters of the experiments are not the same) is the best, as you also need to know other parameters. For example, what is the particle size distribution, what happens with the particles after some time, are there any elements washed out from the sorbents, what are the regeneration or utilization possibilities of the spent sorbent etc. In addition, one should use materials that are cheap and available in large quantities.
In current water treatment systems activated carbon was the most used sorbent. However, there are no such ideal sorbents. For further understanding read this review http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001868616302184
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