Hi Hamzeh Shamsi ,

certain ceramics seem to be well suited:

Article Electromagnetic properties of Si–C–N based ceramics and composites

However, I don't know if and where they are commercially available.

Glasses (Pyrex etc.)

Crystals (Sapphire, quartz, etc.)

What form factor is sought?

(vessels, windows, etc.)

Dear James Garry

I want it to be like a hollow cylinder with a thickness of 1.5 cm. is it possible to form ceramics like this? and can this cylinder withstand 5 bar pressure and 500 centigrade?

Best Regards

Hello Hamzeh Shamsi

That is a very challenging set of requirements.

How are you heating the material that is being irradiated?

Ceramics or glasses can be cast in a wide variety of shapes - a 15mm diameter vessel is perfectly achievable - and if the wall thickness is great enough, then a 5bar differential could be sustained.

I would consider a very long quartz tube, capped at one end. The capped end is heated and placed at the mouth of a klystron. The non-capped end is held at room temperature, and conventional hoses and clamps connect to a valve.

The wall thickness, and the heat loss along it, will be problematic.

May I ask what the material is that you're seeking to irradiate?

And why does it have to be at 5bar?

Dear James Garry

we want to investigate the effect of microwave on oil production from a porous media. this porous media is created by packing rock powder in a cylinder (called sand pack) and then saturating with crude oil. after this, we want to inject a fluid to displace oil.

Depending on oil type and composition, microwaving oil increases the temperature up to 500-700 centigrade and injecting a fluid in porous media will increase pressure to 5 bar based on our pretests. So I'm seeking a material that can be shaped like a cylinder that can be capped with no fluid leakage. It should also be resistant to the temperatures and pressure mentioned.

Hamzeh Shamsi

Thank you.

So the heat is generated through dielectric dissipation in the oil-saturated oil itself. Thank you.

My original idea I think still has merit. I add some details.

I would look at using a long narrow bore quartz tube with a rather thick wall.

Quartz has a rather low loss-tangent, so will not be heated, itself, from the microwave energy.

I would melt one end of the quartz tube (a hydrogen torch can reach the appropriate temperature) to form a cap, probably in a reducing atmosphere, to form an exceptionally strong 'test tube'. An internal diameter of a few mm may be sufficient. I have made thin-walled test tubes from hollow quartz cylinders in this way.

Do you have a glass-fabrication service at your university?

Then, place the capped end, loaded with the rock sample at the mouth of a klystron.

The open end, far from the klystron, and kept at room temperature (this test tube might be 50cm long), can be safely connected via a standard hose and pressure hosing to a source of dry nitrogen gas. The gas provides the suitable pressure - although I personally do not think that any reaction rates.

But let me be clear. Are you looking for chemical changes? Or changes in diffusion speeds of the crude through the rock? Or something else?

One could simplify the experiment greatly by demonstrating that;

a) rock and oil can be heated at a certain rate by microwaves

b) then using an electrical heater to mimic the effect of such microwaves on an identical sample of rock and oil in a nice strong stainless steel vessel.

Far simpler. And safer.

Thanks, Dear James Garry

Those are good ideas.

It helps alot

best regards

h.shamsi

Hamzeh Shamsi

Happy to help.

Thank you alot