In my opinion - one of the most interesting topics - fair value accounting when valuations are based on level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy of IFRS 13. Connected to Agency theory, information asymmetries, anchoring, confirmation bias and management bias
There are numerous areas within the International Accounting Standards (IAS) that provide fertile ground for research, and the choice of a specific area often depends on the researcher's interests, expertise, and the current issues facing the accounting profession. Here are a few areas within IAS that could be explored for research:
Revenue Recognition (IAS 18 and IFRS 15):Research could focus on the challenges and implications of the new revenue recognition standard (IFRS 15) or compare the differences between the old and new standards. How are companies adapting to the changes, and what impact does it have on financial reporting?
Leases (IAS 17 and IFRS 16):IFRS 16 significantly changed the accounting for leases. Research could investigate the implementation challenges, financial statement impacts, and the broader implications for companies and investors.
Financial Instruments (IAS 32, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 9):This area covers a wide range of topics, including the classification and measurement of financial instruments, impairment of financial assets, and hedge accounting. Research could explore the practical challenges companies face in applying these standards.
Fair Value Measurement (IAS 36 and IFRS 13):Fair value measurement is a critical aspect of financial reporting. Research could delve into the challenges and controversies surrounding fair value estimation, especially in the context of illiquid markets or unique assets.
Accounting for Business Combinations (IFRS 3):Explore the accounting treatment of mergers and acquisitions, focusing on issues such as the recognition and measurement of assets and liabilities acquired, goodwill, and the subsequent accounting for the business combination.
Non-Financial Reporting (e.g., IFRS 7, IFRS 13):With an increasing focus on sustainability and non-financial reporting, research could examine the integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors into financial reporting and how companies are disclosing such information.
Corporate Governance and Disclosure (Various IAS/IFRS):Investigate the impact of accounting standards on corporate governance practices and disclosure policies. How do companies approach corporate governance in the context of IAS/IFRS, and what is the impact on transparency and accountability?
Implementation Challenges in Emerging Economies:Research could focus on the challenges faced by companies in emerging economies when adopting and implementing IAS. This could include issues related to cultural differences, institutional factors, and the overall readiness of the local business environment.
Comparative Studies:Conduct comparative studies between IAS/IFRS and local Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) to analyze the similarities, differences, and the impact on financial reporting quality.
Ethical Considerations in Financial Reporting:Explore ethical challenges and considerations related to financial reporting under IAS/IFRS. This could include issues related to earnings management, disclosure practices, and auditor independence.
Before choosing a specific area, it's essential to review the current literature, identify gaps or areas with limited research, and consider the practical relevance and significance of the chosen topic. Additionally, staying informed about any recent updates or amendments to IAS is crucial for conducting relevant and up-to-date research.
Human beings naturally prefer themselves to another person or organisation, and they handle other resources. With the inflow of employees from one country to another and to prevent misuse of human capital, I like to suggest research into Human resources management of local and national compliance with any international standards on quality assurance programs.
IAS 21-Dual currency reporting and IAS 29-Reporting in Inflationary Economies. Both standards, if applied in inflationary economies give different results. I.e. while companies operating in these environments pay taxes in local currency terms, in fact incur losses in their inflation adjusted or hard currency converted financial statements. This is heartbreaking from foreign companies point of view who invested capital in these countries.