Regarding the importance of using Metals (single atom, nanoclusters) as an active sites on a support (Metal Oxides, Metal sulfides, etc.) for enhancing the photocatalytic chemical reaction (H2 evolution / Water splitting/ CO2 reduction), which active sites will be good ; Metal single atom or Metal Nanoclusters or Mixture of them?
Metal single atoms and metal nanoclusters (nanoparticles) play different roles. Metal atoms can be used primarily for surface or bulk doping of a semiconductor photocatalyst. Clusters and metal nanoparticles often act as electrocatalytic sites on the photocatalyst surface. A mixture of them is appropriate if it is necessary to simultaneously increase the concentration of electron donor centers in the band gap of a semiconductor photocatalyst and increase the efficiency of the involvement of photogenerated electrons and holes in surface chemical (electrochemical) reactions.
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