In secure transmission of information there are aspects that need to be kept secret. So the security depends on the ability to keep the secrets.
Example: A message of N-bits is scrambled by an invertible pseudo-random number algorithm. Besides the scrambled N-bits that can be transmitted openly, one needs only to transmit secretly the algorithm.
Every Cryptographic protocol other than quantum cryptography can be broken - at least in principle.
If cryptographic methods involve chaotic lasers that oscillates in the Ghz regime, it would be difficult, if not impossible, with reasonable computational resources to break the encryption. It is also easier to incorporate Chaotic Laser based encryption techniques to existing fiber optic communication systems. However, Encryption using *slower* chaotic oscillators would be relatively easy to break..