I need initial days – development days – mid-season days and late-season days for various crops,
Plz help me,
Thanks.
Dear Behzad,
The plant roots suck or extract water from the soil to live and grow. The main part of this water does not remain in the plant, but escapes to the atmosphere as vapour through the plant's leaves and stem. This process is called transpiration. Transpiration happens mainly during the day time.Water from an open water surface escapes as vapour to the atmosphere during the day. The same happens to water on the soil surface and to water on the leaves and stem of a plant. This process is called evaporation (attached Fig. ).The water need of a crop thus consists of transpiration plus evaporation. Therefore, the crop water need is also called "evapotranspiration".The water need of a crop is usually expressed in mm/day, mm/month or mm/season.Suppose the water need of a certain crop in a very hot, dry climate is 10 mm/day. This means that each day the crop needs a water layer of 10 mm over the whole area on which the crop is grown (attached Fig.). It does not mean that this 10 mm has to indeed be supplied by rain or irrigation every day.It is, of course, still possible to supply, for example, 50 mm of irrigation water every 5 days. The irrigation water will then be stored in the root zone and gradually be used by the plants: every day 10 mm.
The crop water need mainly depends on:
The climate: for example, in a sunny and hot climate crops need more water per day than in a cloudy and cool climate
The crop type: crops like rice or sugarcane need more water than crops like beans and wheat The growth stage: grown crops need more water than crops that have just been planted
Growth is a complex process with different organs developing, growing and dying in overlapping sequences. However, it is easier to think of it as a series of growth stages as in the Zadoks scale. This has 10 main stages, labelled 0 to 9, which describe the crop. These are named in the following table.
Decide first which of the main stages best describes your crop. This description is often all you need. But look more closely and give the crop a decimal value sub stage as well. These sub stages depict the degree of completion of the main stage. For ex-ample, stages Z1.1 to Z1.9 are when main stem (MS) leaves 1 to 9 become visible. Similarly, Z2.1 to Z2.9 cover the appearance of 1 to 9 tillers on the plant, and Z3.1 to Z3.6 the presence of 1 to 6 nodes or joints (p 88) on the main stem.
Regards,
Prem Baboo
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try this one: Meier, U., Bleiholder, H., Buhr, L., Feller, C., Hack, H., Heß, M., Lancashire, P.D., Schnock, U., Stauß, U., van den Boom, T., Weber, E. & Zwerger, P. (2009). The BBCH system to coding the phenological growth stages of plants – history and publications. J. for Cultivated Plants 61, 41–52.
It depends on the type of the crops you are cultivating. For example cotton crop, plantation of seeds starts in early June. Flowering stage start around september and cotton harvesting start phase wise from october to january.
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