While geoengineering operations in the form of deliberate dispersal of aerosols from aircraft evidently are conducted in Australia, it is not obvious to interested members of the public who conducts these operations; nor is it obvious to interested members of the public whether the operations are authorized by any statute which satisfies minimum criteria for "law".
The Commonwealth government, by reason of its responsibilities for defense, civil aviation and meteorological observations, must at least be aware of the ongoing geoengineering operations whether or not it participates in them.
As far as I am aware, there is an almost perfect lack of geoengineering regulation in Australia.
Half a century ago, the State of Victoria regulated rain-making activities, i.e. cloud-seeding operations: Rain-making Control Act 1967 (VIC): www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/vic/consol_act/rca1967198. This may be the only piece of Australian weather modification legislation.
For a review of Australian legal scholarship on geoengineering, see Kerryn B et al.
The Governance of Geoengineering: An Emerging Challenge for International and Domestic Legal Systems? (2015/2016) 24(1) Journal of Law, Information and Science 1: http://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/journals/JlLawInfoSci/2015/9.html?context=1;query=%22geoengineering%22%20%20%20;mask_path=.
Having regard to Vasiliy's remark, it seems to me that marine geoengineering could be used as an indirect means of weather modification (e.g. deliberate warming of a coastal ocean current for increasing rainfall on the adjacent coast). Some aspects of marine geoengineering are regulated by international law. If the suggested indirect effects are within the scope of your interest, Vasiliy no doubt could provide suitable guidance.