There are contrversial ideas on the time of correcting L2 learners' errors. A substantial number of studies have shown that immediate feedback was more effective. However, they are some studies which claim that delayed feedback is more effective becuase it does not interrupt the flow of communication.
There is no one correct answer here. You need to understand your learner and build the relation between you and the learner. Immediate feedback helps to immediately take corrective steps, and saves time and effort. On the other hand, there are chances it could interrupt the communication and disturb the process if the learner is sensitive or sees it as criticism.
The normal process will be initially use delayer feedback, and as trust & relations strengthen, spontaneous feedback will work very effectively.
The issues influencing the process of language learning are often controversial because EFL teachers are dealing with particular situations whereby the learners in each class are unique in terms of their needs, attitudes, and personality factor. Therefore , much depends on the teacher's discretion about how grave the the particular error is and how the learner committing the error may react to it. The main reason is that correction is a very sensitive matter placing the teachers on the horns of a dilemma. For those errors (eg,. pronunciation errors ) , which often need immediate correction since they may become fossilized, we can make the correction by addressing a more proficient student to model the correct form and then go back to the targeted learner to see if the feedback has been effective. However, for the writing errors, delayed correction is more advisable since direct correction may put the learner on his/her guard mitigating the teacher-student rapport, which is crucial to learning. On this basis, since correction has a direct bearing on the learner's ego, teachers' discretion of how to make the correction is quintessentially important.
I would say correct students errors immediately because, if we don't, the students will continue making the same error and the error will eventually become embedded.
Let me share my experience. I always heard my students saying, "I am agree" instead of "I agree". This error was due to the interference of their L1. I wouldn’t correct them immediately, yet I would write this error on the board so that students will learn it. Except for a few students, majority made the same errors again and again. Then I decided to correct this error immediately. And Walla I got great results.
I would say correct students errors immediately because, if we don't, the students will continue making the same error and the error will eventually become embedded.
Let me share my experience. I always heard my students saying, "I am agree" instead of "I agree". This error was due to the interference of their L1. I wouldn’t correct them immediately, yet I would write this error on the board so that students will learn it. Except for a few students, majority made the same errors again and again. Then I decided to correct this error immediately. And Walla I got great results.
This depends on the learner. To my experience usually when learners are guided to self-correct and when the feedback is focused on a particular aspect, learners learn better.
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