Many macrophyte species (emergent type, e.g. Typha, Phragmites, Scirpus;

floating and submerged aquatic macrophytes, e.g. Azolla, Echhornia, Trapa, Ipomea, Myriophyllum, etc.) take up nutrients from  nutrient rich wastewater and eutrophic water. Majority of studies have focused on nutrient retention in  wetlands or nutrient uptake by hydrophytes subject to different physicochemical factors. Whereas little information is available on interactions between plant species and rhizospheric bacteria, interactions among macrophytes, actual mechanism of nutrient uptake, sequestration and reclamation, stress tolerance capacity of macrophytes and biochemical markers, etc.

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