The chemistry is analogous to any acid-base reaction, in the abstract sense- something with electrons to interact reacts with something that has a charge or empty orbital that can accept them. If it is a protic acid, say, a carboxylic acid, the thing wanting electrons is the proton, and the base is whatever gives them, like, for instance, the lone pair on a nitrogen in an amine. The proton transfer leaves the conjugate base of the acid as an anion, and the protonated amine is the conjugate acid of the neutral amine. So, if you paid enough attention in chemistry to get to organic, this is nothing you haven't seen. For more background, and even broader definitions of acids and bases, I suggest looking at an introductory inorganic chemistry book, where the definition is expanded to include just the interaction of lone pairs and non-bonding orbitals. Acid/Base concepts unify a whole lot of chemistry, and the key is to learn the big principles to better understand and remember the specific cases.
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