CO- carbon monoxide
CO2- carbon dioxide
SOx- oxides of sulfur
NOx- oxides of nitrogen
Physical binding by adsorption on nanostructural materials is a promising alternative but suffers from insufficient selectivity over other components present { e.g. N2, O2, H20, SOx, NOx ) . Besides high selectivity, selective CO2, capture sorbents have to fulfill numerous additional requirements and a practically feasible adsorbent material has still not been found. Application of banana peels waste as adsorbents for the removal of CO2, NO, NOx and SO2 gases from motor cycle emissions has been studied but not applicable for NO, NOx. For more details consult https://www.iopscience.iop.org and https://www.pubs.rsc..org
In terms of sulfur oxides for coal thermoelectrical plants the use of lime can result in scrubbing with the major by product being gypsum calcium sulfate.
In terms of Carbon dioxide quick lime can be used with the generation of limestone calcium carbonate.
In addition to quick lime scrubbing the use magnesium silicates have been suggested as adsorbent.
Nitrogen compounds are addressed with selective catalytic conversion using metal catalysts.
On the best ways of addressing these issues is gasification since compared to coal, petroleum the carbon gas burns more efficiently with less contaminant issues.
Renewable carbon which is pyrolyzed can yield clean syngas and liquids and residual biochar which can address soil acidity issues and also contribute to sequestration to address greenhouse gas enrichment.
Zeolite st, with low pore volume are promising for selective adsorption of SO2 under room conditions and structure with higher pore volume exhibit better storage capacity at high pressure