What tested or emergent methods and technologies are known for transferring system acquired (i.e., not only human inputted) system-level problem solving knowledge from one smart system to other? It is assumed that this knowledge provides the intellect for the system together with the related computational reasoning mechanisms.
The systems considered here are intellectualized (smart) cyber-physical-social systems. An example for system acquired knowledge transfer can be deep transfer learning that has the following approaches: (i) instances-based (utilize instances in source domain by appropriate weight), (ii) mapping-based (mapping instances from two domains into a new data space with better similarity), (iii) network-based (reuse the partial of network pre-trained in the source domain), and (iv) adversarial-based (use adversarial technology to find transferable features that both suitable for two domains). As far as knowledge is concerned it can be both explicit (structured and formalized) and implicit (learnt information models or procedures). Not only learning, but awareness building, reasoning, planning, decision making, adaptation associated knowledge is interesting in the context of the question. Please identify literature sources that report on advancements in this domain. Thank you very much in advance!