There are many papers that study the performance of cutting tools made with high speed steel, with and without cryogenic treatment. But, what type of micro-structural modifications produce the cryogenic treatment? What is the manner to ensure a treatment methodology that give always an improved and repeatable performance?
Dear Daniel,
I am suggesting you to read this article which describes the cryogenic machining and microstructure changes due to it very well.
Enhanced surface integrity of AZ31B Mg alloy by cryogenic machining towards improved functional performance of machined components
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890695511002410
And for the second part of your question, I can say that in machining, based on my knowledge, there is a general understanding "reduce the generated temperature to improve machinability". That is a simplest answer to your question. So when you cut the hardened material and this material suffers from its own poor thermal properties during machining, so it is better to alleviate the problem with cooling stuff. (As an example, titanium alloys are famous in this regard)
Hope this helps you.
Why obvious benefits?. What kind of microestructural modification make this process?. This question dont have answer yet.
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