I would like to quantify the number of dendritic spines in all the maturation stages by using a coronal section of a mouse brain. I will be looking more specifically in the hippocampus.
There are a few established markers for spine morphology and branching.
Among them I think the reliable one which still has a growing area to work on is "drebrin cluster immunoreactivity" as a marker for spine morphology (other than MAP2):
Article Simultaneous analysis of dendritic spine density, morphology...
Hi! This is an excellent article touching this topic https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(17)30699-2.pdf According to it, you'd find PSD-95 in most of the mature spines but not in the immature ones: so maybe this would work as a marker for you? Drebrin is also great to show spines, and its content correlates with the spine size Article Drebrin A Content Correlates With Spine Head Size in the Adu...
You can also find some info on spine visualization here:
Article Simultaneous analysis of dendritic spine density, morphology...
Also, I think you could assess the maturity of a spine morphologically, by its shape, during image analysis - so if that case you'd only need the highlighted dendrites of any selected neuron. What are you going to count? the ratio of immature to mature spines? or number of spines per neuron? Good luck!