To be a little provocative, I would say that the arrogance in the workplace may well be that of employers forcing too rapidly technological changes that do not take into account the minimum respect that workers are entitled too.
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It can be something typical of the personality and character of the subject, either at work or anywhere; But it can also be the result of over-stress at work or poor job satisfaction that generates frustration and, this in turn, aggressiveness and anger; it can be a typical response of a subject with Alpha Type Behavior Pattern (ATBP or PTAC); in the same way, it can be a pattern of behavior within a situation - this subject being an agent - of some type of Mobbing ... in short, the case should be analyzed being risky and unscientific to try to give a general answer valid for all and each of the possible cases and scenarios
This arrogance is manifested as superiority behavior among members of the organization, and that can affect the organizational climate and motivation, it could be caused by inappropriate use of power, lack of effective leadership, lack of planning, cultural elements, among other elements.