Recent years and months have seen increasing attention being paid to the issue of energy security. There are a number of concerns and fears such as (though not limited to):

Oil and other fossil fuel depletion (peak oil, etc)

Reliance on foreign sources of energy

Geopolitics (such as supporting dictatorships, rising terrorism, stability of nations that supply energy)

Energy needs of poorer countries, and demands from advancing developing countries such as China and India

Economic efficiency versus population growth debate

Environmental issues, in particular climate change

Renewables and other alternative energy sources

Energy insecurity combined with other global issues risks fueling conflict, repeating past mistakes in history.